Shloka 21

Devanagari script

त्रिःपरिक्रान्तवानेतत्‌ सुपर्णो धर्ममुत्तमम्‌ । यस्मात्‌ तस्माद्‌ व्रतं होतत्‌ त्रिसौपर्णमिहोच्यते

Transliteration

triḥparikrāntavān etat suparṇo dharmam uttamam | yasmāt tasmād vrataṃ hy etat trisauparṇam ihocyate ||

Translation

ବୈଶମ୍ପାୟନ କହିଲେ—ସୁପର୍ଣ୍ଣ (ଗରୁଡ) ଏହି ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ଧର୍ମକୁ ତିନିଥର ପୁନରାବୃତ୍ତି କରି ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ କଲେ। ତେଣୁ ଏହି ବ୍ରତକୁ ଏଠାରେ ‘ତ୍ରିସୌପର୍ଣ୍ଣ’ ବୋଲି କୁହାଯାଏ—ସୁପର୍ଣ୍ଣଙ୍କ ତ୍ରିବାର ପାଠ-ଆଚରଣର ନାମରୁ।

Word by Word

• त्रिः: thrice
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्रिस्

• परिक्रान्तवान्: having gone around / having repeated (performed) fully
• परिक्रान्तवान्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-क्रम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्तवतुँ (past active participle)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सुपर्णः: Suparṇa (Garuda)
• सुपर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुपर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मम्: dharma, religious observance
• धर्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उत्तमम्: excellent, highest
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• यस्मात्: from which, because of which
• यस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• तस्मात्: therefore, from that
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• व्रतम्: vow, observance
• व्रतम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• होतत्: was (occurred/existed)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• त्रिसौपर्णम्: the (rite) called ‘Tri-sauparṇa’
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिसौपर्ण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• इह: here (in this context)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• उच्यते: is called / is said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada, Passive

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Suparṇa (Garuḍa)
• Trisauparṇa-vrata

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how disciplined repetition and faithful completion of a righteous observance (vrata) elevates it to ‘uttama dharma’; the name ‘Trisauparṇa’ itself preserves the ethical idea that sustained, repeated practice strengthens dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana explains the origin of the term ‘Trisauparṇa’: Suparṇa (Garuḍa) performed or recited the prescribed dharma three times, and from that threefold performance the vow received its name.