Mahabharata — Shanti Parva, Shloka 71

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

Devanagari script

अनेन प्रतिबोधेन प्रधान प्रवदन्ति तत्‌ । सांख्ययोगाश्च तत्त्वज्ञा यथाश्रुतिनिदर्शनात्‌

Transliteration

anena pratibodhena pradhānaṁ pravadanti tat | sāṅkhyayogāś ca tattvajñā yathāśrutinidarśanāt ||

Translation

ଏହି ପ୍ରତିବୋଧ ଓ ପ୍ରତିବିମ୍ବର ରୀତି ଦ୍ୱାରା ତାହାକୁ ‘ପ୍ରଧାନ’ ବୋଲି କୁହନ୍ତି। ସାଂଖ୍ୟ ଓ ଯୋଗର ତତ୍ତ୍ୱଜ୍ଞମାନେ ଶ୍ରୁତିର ସଙ୍କେତ ଅନୁସାରେ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା କରନ୍ତି— ଯେପରି ଜଳରେ ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରର ପ୍ରତିବିମ୍ବ ଦିଶେ, ସେପରି ଚେତନ ଜୀବାତ୍ମାର ଜ୍ଞାନ-ପ୍ରକାଶ ପ୍ରକୃତିରେ ପ୍ରତିବିମ୍ବିତ ହେଉଥିବା ପରି ଲାଗେ; ଏହି ପ୍ରତିବିମ୍ବିତ ବୋଧ ହେତୁ ପ୍ରକୃତି ‘ପ୍ରଧାନ’ ନାମେ ଅଭିହିତ।

Word by Word

• {'anena': 'by this

• through this (instrumental of idam)', 'pratibodhena': 'by awakening/realization

• by the ‘reflected’ apprehension', 'pradhānam': 'Pradhāna

• unmanifest Nature (often identified with Prakṛti in Sāṅkhya)', 'pravadanti': 'they declare

• they describe', 'tat': 'that (principle)', 'sāṅkhya-yogāḥ': 'Sāṅkhya and Yoga (systems/paths of knowledge and discipline)', 'tattva-jñāḥ': 'knowers of reality

• those who know the principles (tattvas)', 'yathā': 'according as

• in the manner that', 'śruti-nidarśanāt': 'from the indications/illustrations of Śruti (Vedic revelation)

• on the authority of Śruti', 'prakṛti': 'Nature

• the field of manifesting qualities (guṇas)', 'jīva-ātman': 'the individual self (as spoken of in embodied context)', 'jñāna-svarūpa': 'whose nature is consciousness/knowledge', 'pratibimba': 'reflection

• mirrored appearance (as in water)', 'candra': 'the moon', 'jala': 'water'}

Speaker

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yājñavalkya
• Pradhāna
• Sāṅkhya
• Yoga
• Śruti
• Prakṛti
• Jīva/Ātman
• Moon (candra)
• Water (jala)