Shloka 44

पज्चविंशो<प्रकृत्यात्मा बुध्यमान इति स्मृत:ः । यदा तु बुध्यते55त्मानं तदा भवति केवल:,वह पचीसवाँ प्रकृतिरूप नहीं है। उससे सर्वथा भिन्न ज्ञानस्वरूप माना गया है। जब वह अपने-आपको प्रकृतिसे भिन्न नित्यचिन्मय जान लेता है, उस समय केवल हो जाता है अर्थात्‌ अपने विशुद्ध परब्रह्मरूपमें स्थित हो जाता है

pañcaviṁśo ’prakṛtyātmā budhyamāna iti smṛtaḥ | yadā tu budhyate ’tmānaṁ tadā bhavati kevalaḥ ||

ପଞ୍ଚବିଂଶତମ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱ—ଆତ୍ମା—‘ଜ୍ଞାତା’ ବୋଲି ସ୍ମୃତ; ସେ ପ୍ରକୃତିସ୍ୱରୂପ ନୁହେଁ। କିନ୍ତୁ ପ୍ରକୃତିଠାରୁ ନିଜର ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଭିନ୍ନତା ଜାଣି ସ୍ୱସ୍ୱରୂପରେ ଜାଗ୍ରତ ହେଲେ, ସେ ‘କେବଳ’ ହୁଏ—ନିଜ ନିର୍ମଳ ସତ୍ୟରେ ଏକାକୀ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ, ନିଷ୍କଳଙ୍କ ପରବ୍ରହ୍ମସ୍ଥିତିରେ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ।

पञ्चविंशःthe twenty-fifth (principle/entity)
पञ्चविंशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंश (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अप्रकृत्यात्माwhose nature is not Prakṛti; non-material in essence
अप्रकृत्यात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रकृत्यात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुध्यमानःbeing conscious/knowing; the knower
बुध्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
Formशानच् (वर्तमान कृदन्त, आत्मनेपद), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
स्मृतःis said/remembered (as)
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त (भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
बुध्यतेunderstands/awakens to
बुध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
आत्मानम्the Self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
केवलःalone; pure; isolated (from Prakṛti)
केवलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकेवल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
आत्मन् (Ātman/Self)
प्रकृति (Prakṛti)

Educational Q&A

The Ātman (Puruṣa), counted as the 25th principle, is not a product of Prakṛti. Liberation (kevalatva/kaivalya) arises when one directly realizes the Self as distinct from Prakṛti and abides in its own pure consciousness.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vasiṣṭha instructs on metaphysical discrimination: he defines the Self as the knowing principle beyond material nature and states that true realization culminates in ‘kevala’—the Self’s independent, purified establishment in Brahman.