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Shloka 33

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

प्रकृतेश्व गुणानां च पठचविंशतिकं बुधा: । सांख्ययोगे च कुशला बुध्यन्ते परमैषिण:

prakṛteś ca guṇānāṁ ca pañcaviṁśatikaṁ budhāḥ | sāṅkhyayoge ca kuśalā budhyante paramaiṣiṇaḥ ||

ସାଂଖ୍ୟ-ଯୋଗରେ କୁଶଳ ପରମତତ୍ତ୍ୱାନ୍ୱେଷୀ ବୁଦ୍ଧିମାନମାନେ ଜାଣନ୍ତି—ପ୍ରକୃତି ଓ ତାହାର ଗୁଣମାନଙ୍କ ଚବିଶ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱରୁ ପୃଥକ୍ ପରମାତ୍ମା ହେଉଛନ୍ତି ପଚିଶତମ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱ। ଅହଂକାର ଆଦି ଜଡ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱ ନିବୃତ୍ତ ହେଲେ ଯେ ଶୁଦ୍ଧ ଚେତନ୍ୟ ଅବଶିଷ୍ଟ ରହେ, ସେଇ ଅବ୍ୟକ୍ତ-ଅଜ୍ଞାତ, ସଗୁଣ-ନିର୍ଗୁଣ, ନିତ୍ୟ ଓ ଅନ୍ତର୍ୟାମୀ ଅଧିଷ୍ଠାତା ବୋଲି କୁହାଯାଏ। ଏହିପରି ଜ୍ଞାତାମାନେ ଆତ୍ମାକୁ ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଚବିଶ ଘଟକଠାରୁ ପରେ ଘୋଷଣା କରନ୍ତି।

प्रकृतेःof Prakriti (nature)
प्रकृतेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
गुणानाम्of the qualities (gunas)
गुणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पञ्चविंशतिकम्the twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशतिकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशतिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बुधाःthe wise (men)
बुधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सांख्ययोगेin Sāṅkhya and Yoga
सांख्ययोगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्ययोग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुशलाःskilled, proficient
कुशलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बुध्यन्तेunderstand, realize
बुध्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
परमैषिणःseekers of the supreme (truth)
परमैषिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरम-एषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
P
Prakṛti
G
Guṇas
S
Sāṅkhya
Y
Yoga
P
Paramātman (implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that beyond Prakṛti and its guṇas (the twenty-four material principles) there is a distinct, conscious reality—the Supreme Self—recognized by Sāṅkhya-Yoga experts as the twenty-fifth principle, the inner ruler and eternal ground of experience.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation, Vasiṣṭha explains to his listener(s) a Sāṅkhya-Yoga classification: sages identify the Supreme Self as transcending the constituents of nature, known when ego and other inert factors are negated.