Shloka 19

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

Devanagari script

यदेव योगा: पश्यन्ति सांख्यैस्तदनुगम्यते । एकं सांख्यं च योगं च य: पश्यति स बुद्धिमान्‌

Transliteration

yad eva yogāḥ paśyanti sāṅkhyais tad anugamyate | ekaṃ sāṅkhyaṃ ca yogaṃ ca yaḥ paśyati sa buddhimān |

Translation

ଯୋଗୀମାନେ ଯେ ପରମ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱକୁ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ ଦେଖନ୍ତି, ସାଂଖ୍ୟଜ୍ଞମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ ବିବେକ ଦ୍ୱାରା ସେହି ତତ୍ତ୍ୱକୁ ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ କରନ୍ତି। ଯିଏ ଫଳର ଦୃଷ୍ଟିରେ ସାଂଖ୍ୟ ଓ ଯୋଗକୁ ଏକ ବୋଲି ଦେଖେ—ପଥ ଭିନ୍ନ, ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ ଏକ—ସେଇ ବୁଦ୍ଧିମାନ।

Word by Word

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• योगाः: yogins / practitioners of yoga
• योगाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पश्यन्ति: see
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• सांख्यैः: by the Sāṅkhyas / by Sāṅkhya-knowers
• सांख्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सांख्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तत्: that (same thing)
• तत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अनुगम्यते: is followed/attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive

• एकम्: one/single (as one)
• एकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सांख्यम्: Sāṅkhya (path/doctrine)
• सांख्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सांख्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• योगम्: Yoga (path/practice)
• योगम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पश्यति: sees/understands
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बुद्धिमान्: wise/intelligent
• बुद्धिमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बुद्धिमत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वसिष्ठ उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• Yoga (path)
• Sāṅkhya (path)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Sāṅkhya and Yoga are presented as two complementary disciplines that culminate in the same realization of the highest Reality; wisdom lies in recognizing their unity in result rather than insisting on a sectarian difference of method.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vasiṣṭha speaks as a teacher, clarifying philosophical harmony: yogic direct realization and Sāṅkhya’s discriminative knowledge converge on the same truth, so the listener should not treat them as ultimately opposed.