Shloka 29

Adhyāya 302: Guṇa-vicāra, Gati-bheda, and the Imperishable State

Yājñavalkya–Janaka

Devanagari script

एषा तत्त्वचतुर्विशा सर्वाकृतिषु वर्तते । यां ज्ञात्वा नाभिशोचन्ति ब्राह्मणास्तत्त्वदर्शिन:

Transliteration

eṣā tattvacaturviśā sarvākṛtiṣu vartate | yāṁ jñātvā nābhiśocanti brāhmaṇās tattvadarśinaḥ ||

Translation

ଏହି ଚବିଶି ତତ୍ତ୍ୱ ସମସ୍ତ ଦେହଧାରୀ ପ୍ରାଣୀଙ୍କ ସମସ୍ତ ଆକୃତିରେ ବ୍ୟାପ୍ତ। ଏହାକୁ ଯଥାର୍ଥରେ ଜାଣି ତତ୍ତ୍ୱଦର୍ଶୀ ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣମାନେ ଶୋକ କରନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ; କାରଣ ଦେହ ଓ ତାହାର ବିକାରକୁ ସେମାନେ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱସମୂହର ଫଳ ବୋଲି ଜାଣନ୍ତି।

Word by Word

• एषा: this (she/this)
• एषा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्त्वचतुर्विंशा: the set of twenty-four principles
• तत्त्वचतुर्विंशा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्वचतुर्विंशा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वाकृतिषु: in all forms/bodies
• सर्वाकृतिषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वाकृति
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Plural

• वर्तते: exists/abides
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

• याम्: which (whom/that)
• याम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: क्त्वा, Active, Absolutive

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अभिशोचन्ति: grieve (over), lament
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुच्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, अभि

• ब्राह्मणाः: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तत्त्वदर्शिनः: seers of truth, truth-knowers
• तत्त्वदर्शिनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत्त्वदर्शिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वसिष्ठ उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
• ब्राह्मणाः (brahmins, truth-seers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

All embodied beings are constituted by a common set of twenty-four fundamental principles; realizing their nature removes grief, because one no longer mistakes changing constituents of embodiment for the enduring reality.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vasiṣṭha is instructing his listener in a peace-oriented, philosophical discourse: he points to the universal presence of the twenty-four tattvas in all bodies and explains that true insight into them makes the wise free from lamentation.