Shloka 5

अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः

Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving

Devanagari script

पारिबर्द: सुसंयुक्तमुद्यतं तुल्यतां गतम्‌ अतिक्रमेत्‌ तं नृपति:ः संग्रामे क्षत्रियात्मजम्‌

Transliteration

pāribardaḥ susaṃyuktam udyataṃ tulyatāṃ gatam atikramet taṃ nṛpatiḥ saṃgrāme kṣatriyātmajam

Translation

ପରାଶର କହିଲେ—ସଙ୍ଗ୍ରାମରେ ଯେ କ୍ଷତ୍ରିୟପୁତ୍ର ସୁସଜ୍ଜିତ, ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ ଏବଂ ସମକକ୍ଷ ପ୍ରତିଦ୍ୱନ୍ଦ୍ୱୀ ହୋଇ ଆସିଛି, ରାଜା ତାହାକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କିମ୍ବା ଅନ୍ୟାୟରେ ଦମନ କରିବା ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ।

Word by Word

• पारिबर्दः: the charioteer (paribarda)
• पारिबर्दः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पारिबर्द
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुसंयुक्तम्: well-yoked / well-harnessed
• सुसंयुक्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुसंयुक्त
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उद्यतम्: raised / ready / prepared
• उद्यतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्यत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तुल्यताम्: equality / parity
• तुल्यताम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुल्यता
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• गतम्: gone to / attained
• गतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अतिक्रमेत्: should overstep / surpass
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-क्रम्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नृपतिः: the king
• नृपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• संग्रामे: in battle
• संग्रामे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्राम
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• क्षत्रियात्मजम्: a Kshatriya's son / prince
• क्षत्रियात्मजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय-आत्मज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

पराशर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• पराशर (Parāśara)
• नृपति (king)
• क्षत्रियात्मज (kṣatriya’s son/warrior)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler must uphold dharma even in war: do not act unjustly toward a properly armed and ready opponent who stands on equal terms; fairness and restraint are essential to righteous kingship.

What is happening in the narrative?

Parāśara is instructing about conduct in battle, stating that a king should not transgress against a kṣatriya youth who is fully equipped and prepared—implying rules of honorable engagement.