Shloka 36

श्रेयो-धर्मकर्मविचारः

Inquiry into Śreyas, Dharma, and Karma

Devanagari script

शतं सहस्राणि चतुर्दशेह परागतिर्जीवगणस्य दैत्य | आरोहणं तत्कृतमेव विद्धि स्थान तथा नि:सरणं च तेषाम्‌

Transliteration

śataṁ sahasrāṇi caturdaśeha parāgatir jīvagaṇasya daitya | ārohaṇaṁ tatkṛtam eva viddhi sthānaṁ tathā niḥsaraṇaṁ ca teṣām ||

Translation

ଭୀଷ୍ମ କହିଲେ— ହେ ଦୈତ୍ୟ! ଏହି ଜଗତରେ ଜୀବସମୂହର ପରାଗତି ଚୌଦ ଲକ୍ଷ ବୋଲି ଘୋଷିତ। ସେଇ ଚୌଦ କରଣ ଦ୍ୱାରା ତାଙ୍କର ଊର୍ଧ୍ୱଲୋକାରୋହଣ ସମ୍ପନ୍ନ ହୁଏ; ଏବଂ ବିଭିନ୍ନ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ତାଙ୍କର ନିବାସ, ସେଠାରୁ ପ୍ରସ୍ଥାନ କିମ୍ବା ଅଧଃପତନ ମଧ୍ୟ ସେଇ କରଣମାନଙ୍କ ଉପରେ ନିର୍ଭର। ତେଣୁ ଜାଣ— ଅନ୍ତଃକରଣ ଓ ବାହ୍ୟେନ୍ଦ୍ରିୟମାନଙ୍କର ନୈତିକ ଦିଗ ହିଁ ଜୀବର ଉନ୍ନତି, ସ୍ଥିତି ଓ ପତନ ନିର୍ଣ୍ଣୟ କରେ।

Word by Word

• शतम्: a hundred
• शतम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सहस्राणि: thousands
• सहस्राणि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• चतुर्दश: fourteen
• चतुर्दश: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्दश
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• इह: here, in this world
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• परागति: highest/ultimate course (of transmigration)
• परागति: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परागति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• जीवगणस्य: of the multitude of living beings
• जीवगणस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जीवगण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• दैत्य: O Daitya (demon)
• दैत्य: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैत्य
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• आरोहणम्: ascent, going up
• आरोहणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आरोहण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• कृतम्: done, effected
• कृतम्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed, only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• विद्धि: know (you should know)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• स्थानम्: staying, station; residence
• स्थानम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: and likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• नि:सरणम्: going out, departure; falling away
• नि:सरणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: निःसरण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तेषाम्: of them (of those beings)
• तेषाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Daitya (addressed interlocutor)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A being’s rise to higher states, stability in a given state, and fall from it are governed by the functioning and moral orientation of the fourteen instruments (five sense-organs, five action-organs, and the inner faculties such as mind and intellect). Hence ethical discipline of these faculties is decisive for one’s destiny.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction during the Śānti Parva, he addresses a Daitya-lord and explains a cosmological-ethical account of how living beings experience many kinds of destinies, emphasizing that these outcomes depend on the operation of the senses and inner faculties.