Shloka 40

परिव्राजक-आचारः (Conduct of the Wandering Renunciant) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 269

Devanagari script

पन्थानो ब्रह्मणस्त्वेते एतै: प्राप्नोति यत्परम्‌ तद्‌ विद्वाननुबुद्धयेत मनसा कर्मनिश्चयम्‌

Transliteration

panthāno brahmaṇas tv ete etaiḥ prāpnoti yat param | tad vidvān anubuddhyeta manasā karma-niścayam ||

Translation

କପିଳ କହିଲେ—ଏହିମାନେ ବ୍ରହ୍ମପ୍ରାପ୍ତିର ପଥ; ଏହି ପଥରେ ପୁରୁଷ ପରମ ପଦକୁ ପାଏ। ତେଣୁ ବିଦ୍ୱାନ୍ ମନଦ୍ୱାରା କର୍ମର ସତ୍ୟ ନିଶ୍ଚୟ ଓ ତାହାର ଫଳର ଯଥାର୍ଥ ପରିଣାମ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ଭାବେ ବିଚାର କରିବା ଉଚିତ। ସମସ୍ତ ପ୍ରାଣୀପ୍ରତି ଦୟା, କ୍ଷମା, ଶାନ୍ତି, ଅହିଂସା, ସତ୍ୟ, ସରଳତା, ଅଦ୍ରୋହ, ନିରଭିମାନତା, ଲଜ୍ଜା, ତିତିକ୍ଷା ଓ ଶମ—ଏହିମାନେ ପରବ୍ରହ୍ମ-ପରମାତ୍ମା ପ୍ରାପ୍ତିର ମାର୍ଗ।

Word by Word

• पन्थानः: paths, ways
• पन्थानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पन्थन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ब्रह्मणः: of Brahman
• ब्रह्मणः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• तु: indeed, but
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• एतैः: by these
• एतैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• प्राप्नोति: attains, reaches
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यत्: which (that)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• परम्: supreme (goal)
• परम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विद्वान्: a wise man
• विद्वान्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्वस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनुबुद्धयेत: should understand, should realize
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + बुध्
• Form: Optative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

• मनसा: by the mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• कर्म: action, deed
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• निश्चयम्: determination, ascertainment
• निश्चयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निश्चय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

कपिल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kapila
• Brahman (Para-brahman)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ethical virtues are presented as concrete ‘paths’ to realizing Brahman; the wise should mentally discern the true nature and outcome of actions, aligning conduct with compassion, non-violence, truth, humility, forbearance, and self-restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, Kapila is speaking as a teacher of liberation, summarizing the means to attain the Supreme and urging reflective discernment (manasā) about action (karma) and its decisive import (niścaya).