Shloka 3

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

Devanagari script

तदेतदुपशान्तेन दान्तेनाध्यात्मशीलिना

Transliteration

tadetadupaśāntena dāntenādhyātmaśīlinā

Translation

ଏହି ଉପଦେଶ ଯେ ଅନ୍ତରେ ପ୍ରଶାନ୍ତ, ସଂଯମୀ ଏବଂ ଅଧ୍ୟାତ୍ମଶୀଳ—ସେଇ ଲୋକ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରି ଜୀବନରେ ଆଚରଣ କରିବା ଉଚିତ; ତେବେ ଏହା କେବଳ ଜ୍ଞାନ ନୁହେଁ, ନୀତିମୟ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ହୋଇଉଠେ।

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• उपशान्तेन: by/with one who is calmed, tranquil
• उपशान्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपशान्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• दान्तेन: by/with one who is self-controlled
• दान्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दान्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• अध्यात्मशीलिना: by/with one devoted to the inner self/spiritual discipline
• अध्यात्मशीलिना: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अध्यात्मशीलिन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes eligibility for higher instruction: true understanding arises in a person who is tranquil, senses-controlled, and committed to inner spiritual discipline. Ethical maturity and inner restraint are presented as prerequisites for assimilating dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa continues a didactic passage in the Śānti Parva, indicating the kind of listener or practitioner suited to receive the preceding or forthcoming teaching—someone calm, disciplined, and oriented toward adhyātma.