Shloka 1

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

Devanagari script

है अर छा | अ-क्रा - अन्तःकरणमें जो ज्ञानशक्ति है

Transliteration

vyāsa uvāca | pṛcchatas tava satputra yathāvad iha tattvataḥ | sāṅkhyajñānena saṃyuktaṃ yad etat kīrtitaṃ mayā ||

Translation

ବ୍ୟାସ କହିଲେ—ହେ ସତ୍ପୁତ୍ର ଶୁକ! ତୁମ ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ଅନୁସାରେ ମୁଁ ଏଠାରେ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱତଃ ଏବଂ ଯଥାବିଧି ଯାହା ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କଲି, ସେ ସବୁ ସାଂଖ୍ୟ-ଜ୍ଞାନ (ବିବେକଦୃଷ୍ଟି) ସହିତ ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ।

Word by Word

• व्यासः: Vyasa
• व्यासः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular

• पृच्छतः: of (you) asking / of the questioner
• Type: Verb
• Root: पृच्छ्
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• तव: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• सत्पुत्र: O good son
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् + पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• यथावत्: properly, as it should be
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथावत्

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• तत्त्वतः: in truth, essentially
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्त्व
• Form: Ablative used adverbially (-तः)

• सांख्यज्ञानेन: with Sāṅkhya knowledge
• सांख्यज्ञानेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सांख्यज्ञान
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• संयुक्तम्: connected, joined
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + युज्
• Form: Past passive participle, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• यत्: which
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• कीर्तितम्: described, proclaimed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त्
• Form: Past passive participle, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Śuka

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Vyāsa frames his reply as a truthful, methodical exposition grounded in Sāṅkhya—discriminative knowledge that analyzes reality—serving as the philosophical basis for the yogic pursuit of the Supreme and liberation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śuka has asked a question, and Vyāsa begins his response by clarifying that his explanation is a principled account of the topic and that it belongs to the domain of Sāṅkhya-knowledge, preparing the listener for the ensuing teaching on realization.