Shloka 25

Gṛhastha-vṛtti and Niyama: Models of Householder Livelihood and Discipline (गृहस्थवृत्ति-नियमाः)

Devanagari script

वर्तेत तेषु गृहवानक्रुद्धयन्ननसूयक: । पज्चभि: सततं यज्जैर्विघसाशी यजेत च

Transliteration

varteta teṣu gṛhavān akruddhayan anasūyakaḥ | pañcabhiḥ satataṃ yajñair vighasāśī yajeta ca ||

Translation

ବ୍ୟାସ କହିଲେ—ଗୃହସ୍ଥ ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣ କ୍ରୋଧ ନ କରି, ଦୋଷଦୃଷ୍ଟି ତ୍ୟାଗ କରି ଆଚରଣ କରୁ। ସେ ନିତ୍ୟ ପଞ୍ଚମହାଯଜ୍ଞ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନ କରୁ ଏବଂ ଯଜ୍ଞଶେଷ (ବିଘସ) ଅନ୍ନମାତ୍ର ଭୋଜନ କରୁ।

Word by Word

• वर्तेत: should live / should conduct himself
• वर्तेत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (वर्तते)
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Atmanepada

• तेषु: among them / in those (duties/observances)
• तेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, locative, plural

• गृहवान्: a householder / possessing a household
• गृहवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गृहवत्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• अक्रुद्धयन्: not being angry
• अक्रुद्धयन्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्रुद्ध (कृध्)
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular, present participle (शतृ) used adjectivally

• अनसूयकः: non-envious / not fault-finding
• अनसूयकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनसूयक
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• पञ्चभिः: with five
• पञ्चभिः: Karana
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्चन्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, plural

• सततम्: always / continually
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतत

• यज्ञैः: by/with sacrifices (yajñas)
• यज्ञैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• विघसाशी: one who eats the remainder (after offerings)
• विघसाशी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विघसाशिन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• यजेत: should perform sacrifice / should worship
• यजेत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज्
• Form: Vidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• gṛhastha (householder)
• brāhmaṇa (Brahmin householder)
• pañca-mahāyajña (five great daily sacrifices)
• yajña
• vighasa (yajña-śiṣṭa food)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A householder—especially a Brahmin—should practice dharma through inner discipline (freedom from anger and fault-finding) and outer discipline (regular performance of the five daily great sacrifices), sustaining himself on food that is sanctified as the remainder of offerings rather than on self-centered consumption.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on conduct, Vyāsa continues prescribing the proper way of life for the gṛhastha: live calmly and without malice, keep up the continual cycle of daily yajñas (pañca-mahāyajña), and eat only yajña-śiṣṭa (vighasa), reinforcing a life ordered around duty and giving.