Shloka 66

योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः

Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction

Devanagari script

संकराश्षाभ्यवर्तन्त न च शौचमवर्तत । ये च वेदविदो विप्रा विस्पष्टमनचश्न ये

Transliteration

saṅkarāś cābhyavartanta na ca śaucam avartata | ye ca vedavido viprā vispaṣṭam anacaśn ye ||

Translation

ଶକ୍ର କହିଲେ—ସମସ୍ତ ଦିଗରେ ସଂକର ଓ ଅସ୍ତବ୍ୟସ୍ତତା ହେଲା, କିନ୍ତୁ ଶୌଚ ଓ ଶିଷ୍ଟାଚାରମୟ ଶୁଚିତା ପ୍ରବଳ ହେଲା ନାହିଁ। ବେଦବିଦ୍ ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣମାନେ—ଯେମାନେ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ସଂୟମରେ ରହିବା ଉଚିତ—ସେମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ ପ୍ରକଟ ଆଚରଣ-ମର୍ଯ୍ୟାଦା ରକ୍ଷା କଲେ ନାହିଁ।

Word by Word

• saṅkarāt: from intermixture/confusion
• saṅkarāt: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṅkara
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• abhya-vartanta: they proceeded/turned towards; they came about
• abhya-vartanta: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√vṛt
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• na: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na

• ca: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca

• śaucam: purity/cleanliness
• śaucam: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: śauca
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• avartata: was present/occurred; prevailed
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛt
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

• ye: who
• ye: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: yad
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ca: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca

• veda-vidaḥ: knowers of the Veda
• veda-vidaḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: veda-vid
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• viprāḥ: brahmins
• viprāḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: vipra
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• vispaṣṭam: clearly/distinctly
• vispaṣṭam: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vispaṣṭa
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• an-aśnan: not eating
• an-aśnan: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: an-√aś
• Form: Śatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ye: who
• ye: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: yad
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

शक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śakra (Indra)
• viprāḥ (brahmins)
• Veda

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Vedic learning without lived discipline is hollow: when śauca (purity and self-restraint) collapses, social and moral saṅkara (confusion and disorder) spreads, even among those expected to uphold dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Indra (Śakra) is describing a period of ethical deterioration: disorder becomes widespread and the expected standards of purity and restraint fail to be maintained, including by Veda-knowing brahmins.