Shloka 31

जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः

Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment

Devanagari script

असक्त: सक्तवद्‌ गच्छन्‌ नि:संगो मुक्तबन्धन: । सम: शत्रौ च मित्रे च स वै मुक्तो महीपते

Transliteration

asaktaḥ saktavad gacchan niḥsaṅgo muktabandhanaḥ | samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca sa vai mukto mahīpate ||

Translation

ହେ ମହୀପତେ! ଯେ ଅନ୍ତରେ ଅସକ୍ତ ହୋଇ ମଧ୍ୟ କର୍ତ୍ତବ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ସକ୍ତ ଭଳି ଚାଲେ, ଯେ ନିଃସଙ୍ଗ ଓ ସମସ୍ତ ବନ୍ଧନ କାଟିଦେଇଛି, ଏବଂ ଶତ୍ରୁ ଓ ମିତ୍ର ପ୍ରତି ସମଭାବ ରଖେ—ସେଇ ସଦା ପ୍ରକୃତ ମୁକ୍ତ।

Word by Word

• असक्तः: unattached
• असक्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असक्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सक्तवत्: like one attached
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सक्तवत्

• गच्छन्: going/moving about
• गच्छन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निःसङ्गः: free from association/attachment
• निःसङ्गः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निःसङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मुक्तबन्धनः: whose bonds are released; freed from bonds
• मुक्तबन्धनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुक्तबन्धन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समः: equal, even-minded
• समः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शत्रौ: in/with regard to an enemy
• शत्रौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रु
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मित्रे: in/with regard to a friend
• मित्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वै: indeed, surely
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• मुक्तः: liberated, free
• मुक्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुक्त
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महीपते: O king (lord of the earth)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna (speaker, per supplied metadata)
• mahīpati (the king addressed)
• enemy (śatru)
• friend (mitra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Liberation is defined by inner non-attachment and even-mindedness: one may continue to act in the world, but without clinging, without bondage, and without partiality between friend and foe.

What is happening in the narrative?

The speaker addresses a king and characterizes the marks of a liberated person—someone who appears active in life yet remains inwardly free, unbound by attachments, and impartial in relationships.