Shloka 102

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

Devanagari script

लोमशको अपना काम बनानेकी जल्दी लगी हुई थी; अतः वह भलीभाँति विनयपूर्ण बर्ताव करता हुआ विलम्ब करनेवाले चूहेसे इस प्रकार कहने लगा-- ।।

Transliteration

na hovaṁ mitrakāryāṇi prītyā kurvanti sādhavaḥ | yathā tvāṁ mokṣitaḥ kṛcchrāt tvaramāṇena vai mayā ||

Translation

ସଜ୍ଜନମାନେ ମିତ୍ରର କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ପ୍ରୀତି ଓ ପ୍ରସନ୍ନତା ସହ କରନ୍ତି; ଏପରି ନୁହେଁ। ମୁଁ ତ୍ୱରା କରି ତୁମକୁ କଷ୍ଟରୁ ତତ୍କ୍ଷଣାତ୍ ମୁକ୍ତ କରିଦେଲି; ମିତ୍ରକାର୍ଯ୍ୟରେ ସମୟ ଆସିଲେ ବିଳମ୍ବ ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ।

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• होवन्: O friend (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होवन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• मित्रकार्याणि: friends' tasks / services to friends
• मित्रकार्याणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्रकार्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• प्रीत्या: with affection
• प्रीत्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रीति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• कुर्वन्ति: do / perform
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• साधवः: good men / the virtuous
• साधवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: साधु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यथा: as / just as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Accusative, Singular

• मोक्षितः: released / freed
• Type: Verb
• Root: मोक्षित
• Form: Past passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृच्छात्: from distress / difficulty
• कृच्छात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृच्छ्र
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• त्वरमाणेन: by (me) hurrying / hastening
• त्वरमाणेन: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्वरमाण
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Lomaśa (as referenced in the prose context)
• mouse/rat (as referenced in the prose context)
• friend (mitra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A friend’s duty should be done promptly and with genuine goodwill; virtue is shown not merely by doing the act, but by doing it gladly, without delay, and in a spirit of affectionate reciprocity.

What is happening in the narrative?

The speaker contrasts proper conduct with procrastination: having quickly freed the other from danger, he rebukes the one who is delaying and urges him to act for a friend with the same urgency and warmth.