Shloka 8

Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances

Devanagari script

तस्य शौचममृष्यन्तस्ते सर्वे सहजातय: । चालयन्ति स्म तां बुद्धि वचनै: प्रश्नयोत्तरै:

Transliteration

tasya śaucam amṛṣyantas te sarve sahajātyaḥ | cālayanti sma tāṁ buddhiṁ vacanaiḥ praśnottaraiḥ ||

Translation

ଭୀଷ୍ମ କହିଲେ—ତାହାର ଶୁଚି ଆଚରଣ ସହି ପାରିନଥିବାରୁ ତାହାର ନିଜ ଦଳର ସମସ୍ତେ ଅସନ୍ତୁଷ୍ଟ ହେଲେ। ଏହା ସେମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଅସହ୍ୟ ହୋଇପଡ଼ିଲା; ତେଣୁ ସେମାନେ ପ୍ରେମ ଓ ବିନୟଭରା କଥା, ପ୍ରଶ୍ନ–ଉତ୍ତର ଓ ପ୍ରତିପ୍ରଶ୍ନ ଦ୍ୱାରା ତାହାର ବୁଦ୍ଧିକୁ ଚଞ୍ଚଳ କରିବାକୁ ଲାଗିଲେ, ଯେପରି ତାହାର ଦୃଢ଼ ସଙ୍କଳ୍ପ ଡଗମଗାଏ।

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/its
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• शौचम्: purity, cleanliness (conduct)
• शौचम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौच
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अमृष्यन्तः: not enduring, resenting
• अमृष्यन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: मृष् (क्लेशे/सहने) + अमृष्य (न सहमान)
• Form: Present (participle), Parasmaipada (active sense), Plural, Masculine, Nominative

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सहजातयः: those of the same birth/kin, clansmen
• सहजातयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहजाति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• चालयन्ति: they shake/disturb
• चालयन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: चल् (गतौ) / चालय् (प्रेरणे, चलने कारणे)
• Form: Present, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural

• स्म: indeed; (particle with past narration)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म

• ताम्: that (her/it)
• ताम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• बुद्धिम्: mind, understanding, resolve
• बुद्धिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• वचनैः: with words/speeches
• वचनैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• प्रश्न-उत्तरैः: with questions and answers
• प्रश्न-उत्तरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रश्न + उत्तर
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• sahajātyaḥ (kinsmen/people of the same group)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even genuine purity and disciplined living can provoke resentment in one’s own circle; ethical steadiness is tested not only by open hostility but also by persuasive, seemingly reasonable arguments meant to shake one’s resolve.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma describes how a person’s pure conduct becomes intolerable to his own community/kinsmen, who then attempt to disturb his moral discernment through persuasive talk and debate-like questioning.