Shloka 10

Gadā-yuddhe Bhīma–Duryodhanayoḥ Tumulaḥ Saṃprahāraḥ

Mace-duel’s intense exchange

Devanagari script

राहुश्नाग्रसदादित्यमपर्वणि विशाम्पते । चकम्पे च महाकम्पं पृथिवी सवनद्रुमा

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | rāhuḥ śnāgrasad ādityam aparvaṇi viśāmpate | cakampe ca mahākampaṃ pṛthivī savanadrumā ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ହେ ପ୍ରଜାନାଥ! ଅମାବାସ୍ୟା ନ ଥିବା ସତ୍ତ୍ୱେ ରାହୁ ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟକୁ ଗ୍ରସିଲା; ତାପରେ ବନ-ବୃକ୍ଷ ସହିତ ପୃଥିବୀ ମହାକମ୍ପରେ କମ୍ପିତ ହେଲା।

Word by Word

• राहुः: Rahu
• राहुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राहु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अग्रसत्: swallowed, seized (eclipsed)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रस्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• आदित्यम्: the Sun
• आदित्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अपर्वणि: at a non-parvan time (not on the proper lunar day)
• अपर्वणि: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-पर्वन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• विशाम्पते: O lord of the people
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाम्पति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• चकम्पे: trembled, shook
• Type: Verb
• Root: कम्प्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महाकम्पम्: a great quake
• महाकम्पम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाकम्प
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पृथिवी: the earth
• पृथिवी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सवनद्रुमा: together with forests and trees
• सवनद्रुमा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-वन-द्रुम
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Rāhu
• Āditya (Sun)
• Pṛthivī (Earth)
• forests
• trees
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address viśāmpate)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse uses an untimely eclipse and an earthquake as portents: when adharma and mass violence peak, the world is portrayed as losing its normal auspicious rhythms. It warns that unrighteous action in war brings not only human ruin but a sense of cosmic imbalance and inevitable consequence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports ominous signs to the king: Rāhu eclipses the Sun at an improper time, and the earth shakes violently with forests and trees. These are narrative signals that a catastrophic turn in the battle is imminent.