Shloka 30

Adhyāya 8: Saṃprahāra-varṇana and Bhīma–Kṣemadhūrti Dvipa-Yuddha

Combat Description and Elephant Duel

Devanagari script

ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिमित्राणामिमं श्रुत्वा पराभवम्‌

Transliteration

jñātisambandhimitrāṇām imaṃ śrutvā parābhavam

Translation

ନିଜ ଜ୍ଞାତି, ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧୀ ଓ ମିତ୍ରମାନଙ୍କର ଏହି ପରାଭବ ସୁନି ସେମାନେ ଶୋକାଘାତରେ ବିକଳ ହୋଇଉଠିଲେ।

Word by Word

• ज्ञाति-सम्बन्धि-मित्राणाम्: of kinsmen, relatives, and friends
• ज्ञाति-सम्बन्धि-मित्राणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञाति + सम्बन्धिन् + मित्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• इमम्: this
• इमम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• पराभवम्: defeat, humiliation
• पराभवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराभव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights that defeat in war is not isolated to the battlefield; it reverberates through kinship and alliances, reminding readers that dharma involves responsibility toward one’s social bonds and that violence carries communal consequences.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that news of a particular defeat has been heard by those connected as kinsmen, relatives, and allies, setting up their reaction and the ensuing developments in the Karṇa Parva’s battle narrative.