Shloka 9

कर्णवधार्थं धनञ्जयस्य प्रतिज्ञा — Arjuna’s resolve for Karṇa’s defeat

Devanagari script

कपेस्तु निनदं श्रुत्वा संत्रस्‍स्ता तव वाहिनी

Transliteration

kapestu ninadaṃ śrutvā saṃtrastā tava vāhinī

Translation

ହନୁମାନଙ୍କ ନିନାଦ ଶୁଣି ତୁମ ସେନା ଭୟାକୁଳ ହେଲା।

Word by Word

• कपेः: of the monkey (Hanuman)
• कपेः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• निनदम्: roar/sound
• निनदम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निनद
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for absolutive)

• संत्रस्ताः: terrified
• संत्रस्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संत्रस्त
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• वाहिनी: army/host
• वाहिनी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाहिनी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Hanumān (Kapi)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
• Kaurava army (tava vāhinī)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even before weapons decide outcomes, inner steadiness decides strength: fear and loss of morale arise when one confronts a power perceived as righteous and divinely supported; courage rooted in dharma is portrayed as the deeper advantage.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava forces became frightened upon hearing the mighty roar of Hanumān (the 'kapi'), signaling a psychological blow and an ominous shift in battlefield confidence.