Shloka 13

कर्णवधार्थं धनञ्जयस्य प्रतिज्ञा — Arjuna’s resolve for Karṇa’s defeat

Devanagari script

ते हयान्‌ रथचक्रे च रथेषां चापि मारिष

Transliteration

te hayān rathacakre ca ratheṣāṃ cāpi māriṣa

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ହେ ମାରିଷ! ସେ ଘୋଡ଼ାମାନେ, ରଥଚକ୍ରମାନେ ଏବଂ ରଥମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ—

Word by Word

• ते: those (them)
• ते: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• हयान्: horses
• हयान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रथचक्रे: the two chariot-wheels
• रथचक्रे: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथचक्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Dual

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• रथेषाम्: of chariots
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• मारिष: O noble sir (term of address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारिष
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• horses (haya)
• chariot wheels (rathacakra)
• chariots (ratha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even the proud instruments of royal power—horses, chariots, and wheels—are fragile in war; the passage underscores the impermanence of martial might and the heavy cost that accompanies the kṣatriya pursuit of victory.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is reporting battlefield details to the king, listing the war equipment—horses, wheels, and chariots—within a continuing description of the combat’s intensity and the damage being inflicted.