Shloka 43

युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya

Devanagari script

तदड्जात्‌ पुरुषेन्द्रस्य भ्रष्ट वर्म व्यरोचत । रत्नैरलंकृतं चित्रैव्यभ्रं नेशि यथा नभ:

Transliteration

tad aṅgajāt puruṣendrasya bhraṣṭa-varma vyarocata | ratnair alaṅkṛtaṃ citrair vyabhraṃ neśi yathā nabhaḥ ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ପୁରୁଷେନ୍ଦ୍ର ଯୁଧିଷ୍ଠିରଙ୍କ ଦେହରୁ ଖସିପଡ଼ିଥିବା ସେହି ବର୍ମ ନାନାବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ରତ୍ନରେ ଅଲଙ୍କୃତ ହୋଇ ଦୀପ୍ତିମାନ ହେଲା; ଯେପରି ମେଘହୀନ ନିର୍ମଳ ଆକାଶ ନିଜ ଶୁଦ୍ଧ ବିସ୍ତାରରେ ଉଜ୍ଜ୍ୱଳ ହୁଏ।

Word by Word

• तत्: that (thing/it)
• तत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अजात्: was born / arose
• अजात्: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: अज (अज्)
• Form: Aorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पुरुषेन्द्रस्य: of the lord of men (king)
• पुरुषेन्द्रस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• भ्रष्टवर्म: whose armor had fallen off / armorless
• भ्रष्टवर्म: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भ्रष्टवर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विरोचत: shone
• विरोचत: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• रत्नैः: with jewels
• रत्नैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• अलंकृतम्: adorned
• अलंकृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अलंकृत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• चित्रैः: with variegated (ornaments/colors)
• चित्रैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित्र
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• अभ्रम्: a cloud
• अभ्रम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभ्र
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• नेशि: led / carried (along)
• नेशि: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यथा: as / like
• यथा: Avyaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• नभः: in the sky / the sky
• नभः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नभस्
• Form: Neuter, Locative (Vedic/epic usage) / Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• पुरुषेन्द्र (a great lord among men; the hero referred to)
• वर्म (armor/coat of mail)
• रत्न (jewels)
• नभस् (sky)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse uses a striking simile to suggest the impermanence of external protections and splendor: even jewel-adorned armor can fall away in the press of destiny and battle, pointing to the limits of worldly security amid the ethical gravity of war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a battlefield moment where a great warrior’s armor has slipped or fallen from his body, yet it still gleams brilliantly with jeweled decoration, compared to the radiance of a cloudless sky.