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Shloka 51

Karṇa’s advance against the Pāṇḍava host; Arjuna’s clash with the Saṃśaptakas (कर्णस्य पाण्डवसेनाप्रवेशः—अर्जुनस्य संशप्तकसंप्रहारः)

एकं च भगवन्तं ते नानारूपमकल्पयन्‌ । आत्मन: प्रतिरूपाणि रूपाण्यथ महात्मनि,तप उग्र॑ समास्थाय नियमे परमे स्थिता: । उस समय देवताओंने दैत्योंको परास्त कर दिया था, यह हमारे सुननेमें आया है। राजन! दैत्योंके परास्त हो जानेपर तारकासुरके तीन पुत्र ताराक्ष, कमलाक्ष और विद्युन्माली उग्र तपस्याका आश्रय ले उत्तम नियमोंका पालन करने लगे परस्परस्य चापश्यन्‌ सर्वे परमविस्मिता: । उन्होंने एक ही भगवान्‌ शिवको अपनी भावनाके अनुसार अनेक रूपोंमें कल्पित किया। उन परमात्मामें अपने तथा दूसरोंके प्रतिबिम्ब देखे। यह सब देखकर परस्पर दृष्टिपात करके वे सब-के-सब अत्यन्त आश्वर्यचकित हो उठे

ekaṃ ca bhagavantaṃ te nānārūpam akalpayan | ātmanaḥ pratirūpāṇi rūpāṇy atha mahātmani | tapa ugraṃ samāsthāya niyame parame sthitāḥ | parasparasya cāpaśyan sarve paramavismitāḥ |

ସେମାନେ ଏକେ ଭଗବାନ ଶିବଙ୍କୁ ନିଜ-ନିଜ ଭାବନାଅନୁସାରେ ନାନା ରୂପରେ କଳ୍ପନା କଲେ। ସେହି ପରମ ମହାତ୍ମାରେ ସେମାନେ ନିଜର ଓ ପରସ୍ପରର ପ୍ରତିବିମ୍ବ-ରୂପ ଦେଖିଲେ। ଏହା ଦେଖି ପରସ୍ପର ଦୃଷ୍ଟି ପାତ କରି ସେମାନେ ସମସ୍ତେ ପରମ ବିସ୍ମୟରେ ମଗ୍ନ ହେଲେ—ଉଗ୍ର ତପ ଆଶ୍ରୟ କରି ପରମ ନିୟମରେ ସ୍ଥିର ଥିଲେ।

एकम्one (single)
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भगवन्तम्the Blessed Lord
भगवन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नाना-रूपम्of many forms
नाना-रूपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनाना + रूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अकल्पयन्imagined / conceived
अकल्पयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootकॢप् (कल्पयति)
FormImperfect, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रतिरूपाणिreflections / counterparts
प्रतिरूपाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
रूपाणिforms
रूपाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अथthen / and then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
महात्मनिin the great-souled one (in the Supreme Self)
महात्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उग्रम्fierce
उग्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समास्थायhaving resorted to / having undertaken
समास्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-स्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
नियमेin observance / in discipline
नियमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परमेsupreme
परमे:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्थिताःstood / remained
स्थिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
परस्परस्यof one another
परस्परस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootपरस्पर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपश्यन्saw
अपश्यन्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (पश्यति)
FormImperfect, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परम-विस्मिताःutterly astonished
परम-विस्मिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम + विस्मित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
S
Shiva (Bhagavan, Mahatman)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how the one divine reality can be conceived in many forms according to the devotee’s mental disposition, and how intense discipline (tapas and niyama) can lead to extraordinary experiences—yet those experiences may also mirror the perceiver’s own nature, prompting awe and self-recognition.

Duryodhana recounts an episode in which ascetics (in context, the asura figures being described) undertake fierce austerities and strict observances; they envision Śiva as one yet multiform, perceive reflective forms within the Supreme, and, seeing this marvel, look at one another in mutual astonishment.