Shloka 41

Droṇasya raudra-prayogaḥ

Droṇa’s intensified assault and the Pāṇḍava response

Devanagari script

ततः प्रववृते युद्ध परस्परवधैषिणाम्‌

Transliteration

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ parasparavadhaiṣiṇām

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ତାପରେ ପରସ୍ପରବଧକୁ ଆକାଂକ୍ଷା କରୁଥିବାମାନଙ୍କର ଯୁଦ୍ଧ ସତ୍ୟସତ୍ୟ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହେଲା। ପ୍ରତିପକ୍ଷ ବୀରମାନେ ଏକାପରକୁ ନାଶ କରିବା ଦୃଢ଼ ସଙ୍କଳ୍ପରେ ନିକଟ ହେଲେ—ଦୁଇ ପକ୍ଷରେ ମାରିବାର ନିଶ୍ଚୟ। ଏହି ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ସଂଯମର ପତନର କଠୋର ଚିହ୍ନ; ପ୍ରତିସ୍ପର୍ଧା ଏଠାରେ ସାମୂହିକ ସଂହାର-ଇଚ୍ଛାରେ ପରିଣତ ହୁଏ।

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')

• प्रववृते: arose, began, commenced
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (वर्तते)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada

• युद्धम्: battle, war
• युद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, accusative singular

• परस्पर-वधैषिणाम्: of those desiring mutual slaughter (of one another)
• परस्पर-वधैषिणाम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परस्पर + वध + एषिन्
• Form: Masculine, genitive plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• yuddha (the battle)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how war, once unleashed, becomes reciprocal and self-perpetuating: when both sides seek each other’s death, ethical restraint (dharma as self-control and proportion) is eclipsed by the shared intention to destroy.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the fighting now fully breaks out: the combatants on both sides engage directly, driven by mutual hostility and the desire to kill one another.