Shloka 20

Adhyāya 40 (Book 7, Droṇa-parva): Abhimanyu’s Rapid Advance and Battlefield Disruption

Devanagari script

केकया धृष्टकेतुश्व मत्स्या: पज्चालसृज्जया: । पाण्डवाश्च मुदा युक्ता युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमा:

Transliteration

kekayā dhṛṣṭaketuś ca matsyāḥ pañcālasṛñjayāḥ | pāṇḍavāś ca mudā yuktā yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ ||

Translation

କେକୟମାନେ, ଧୃଷ୍ଟକେତୁ, ମତ୍ସ୍ୟମାନେ, ପାଞ୍ଚାଳ-ସୃଞ୍ଜୟମାନେ ଏବଂ ଯୁଧିଷ୍ଠିର-ପୁରୋଗାମୀ ପାଣ୍ଡବମାନେ—ସମସ୍ତେ ଆନନ୍ଦ ଓ ଉତ୍ସାହରେ ଯୁକ୍ତ ଥିଲେ॥

Word by Word

• केकयाः: the Kekayas
• केकयाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केकय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• धृष्टकेतुश्च: and Dhr̥ṣṭaketu
• धृष्टकेतुश्च: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टकेतु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मत्स्याः: the Matsyas
• मत्स्याः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्स्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पाञ्चालसृञ्जयाः: the Pāñcālas and the Sr̥ñjayas
• पाञ्चालसृञ्जयाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाञ्चालसृञ्जय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पाण्डवाः: the Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मुदा: with joy
• मुदा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुद्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• युक्ताः: joined/engaged, united
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः: having Yudhiṣṭhira in front/led by Yudhiṣṭhira
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युधिष्ठिरपुरोगम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kekayas
• Dhṛṣṭaketu
• Matsyas
• Pañcālas
• Sṛñjayas
• Pāṇḍavas
• Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in the violence of war, ethical leadership and unity among allies matter: the verse highlights collective morale and disciplined resolve under Yudhiṣṭhira’s guidance, implying that righteous direction steadies a coalition.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that multiple allied groups—Kekayas, Matsyas, Pañcālas, Sṛñjayas, and the Pāṇḍavas—are rejoicing and energized, with Yudhiṣṭhira at their head, indicating a moment of renewed confidence on the Pāṇḍava side.