Shloka 45

Śiva’s Battlefield Manifestation and Vyāsa’s Śatarudrīya Exposition (शिवप्रादुर्भावः शतरुद्रीयव्याख्यानम्)

Devanagari script

धृष्टद्युम्नो महाराज द्रोणं विद्ध्वा त्रिभि: शरै:

Transliteration

dhṛṣṭadyumno mahārāja droṇaṃ viddhvā tribhiḥ śaraiḥ

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ମହାରାଜ, ଧୃଷ୍ଟଦ୍ୟୁମ୍ନ ଦ୍ରୋଣଙ୍କୁ ତିନିଟି ଶରରେ ବିଦ୍ଧ କରି ପୁଣି ଆକ୍ରମଣ ବଢ଼ାଇଲେ; ଯୁଦ୍ଧର ସୀମା ଏକଥର ଅତିକ୍ରମ ହେଲେ, ପୂଜ୍ୟ ଗୁରୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ରଣଭୂମିରେ ଯୋଦ୍ଧା ଭାବେ ଗଣ୍ୟ ହୁଅନ୍ତି।

Word by Word

• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• द्रोणम्: Drona
• द्रोणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विद्ध्वा: having pierced/struck
• विद्ध्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: √व्यध् (विध्)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite

• त्रिभिः: with three
• त्रिभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• शरैः: arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna
• Droṇa
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the harsh ethical reality of war: once dharma is reframed as battlefield duty, even a venerable teacher like Droṇa is engaged without hesitation. It points to the tragic erosion of personal reverence under the demands of kṣatriya-dharma and the inexorable logic of conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna has hit Droṇa with three arrows, marking a forceful moment in the ongoing combat between the Pāṇḍava commander and the Kaurava preceptor.