Shloka 1

Devanagari script

ऑपन-माजल बछ। अप कऋाल जा षोडशाधिकशततमोब<्ध्याय: कौरव-पाण्डव महारथियोंके द्न्द्ययुद्धका वर्णन तथा भीष्मका पराक्रम संजय उवाच अभिमन्युर्महाराज तव पुत्रमयोधयत्‌ । महत्या सेनया युक्त भीष्महेतो: पराक्रमी

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | abhimanyur mahārāja tava putram ayodhayat | mahatyā senayā yuktaḥ bhīṣma-hetoḥ parākramī ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ମହାରାଜ! ଭୀଷ୍ମଙ୍କୁ ପରାଜିତ କରିବା ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ ପରାକ୍ରମୀ ଅଭିମନ୍ୟୁ ମହାସେନା ସହିତ ଆସି ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପୁତ୍ର ସହ ଯୁଦ୍ଧ ଆରମ୍ଭ କଲେ।

Word by Word

• सञ्जयः: Sanjaya
• सञ्जयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सञ्जय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अभिमन्युः: Abhimanyu
• अभिमन्युः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिमन्यु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तव: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अयोधयत्: made (him) fight / fought against
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Imperfect, Third, Singular, Causative (ṇic), Parasmaipada

• महत्या: with a great
• महत्या: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• सेनया: army
• सेनया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेना
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• युक्तः: joined/attended, accompanied
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युक्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भीष्महेतोः: for the sake of Bhishma (i.e., to defeat Bhishma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्महेतु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पराक्रमी: valiant
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पराक्रमिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Abhimanyu
• Bhīṣma
• Kaurava prince (tava putra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma: courage and disciplined action in war, where personal heroism is subordinated to a larger strategic aim—here, confronting Bhīṣma, the pivotal commander. It also shows how intention (hetoḥ) guides action: Abhimanyu’s valor is purposeful, not merely impulsive.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Abhimanyu, supported by a large force, begins fighting with the king’s son. The stated motive is to overcome Bhīṣma, indicating that this duel is part of a broader plan to weaken the Kaurava command.