Shloka 5

बभ्रुवाहन-धनंजययोः संग्रामः

Babhruvāhana and Dhanaṃjaya’s engagement at Maṇipūra

Devanagari script

तिष्ठ ध्वं युद्धमनसो दर्प शमयितास्मि व: । एतावदुक्त्वा कौरव्यो रोषाद्‌ गाण्डीवभूत्‌ तदा

Transliteration

tiṣṭha dhvaṁ yuddhamanasaḥ darpaṁ śamayitāsmi vaḥ | etāvad uktvā kauravyo roṣād gāṇḍīvabhūt tadā |

Translation

ଯୁଦ୍ଧସଙ୍କଳ୍ପରେ ଦୃଢ଼ ହୋଇ ଦଢ଼ି ରୁହ; ମୁଁ ତୁମ ଦର୍ପକୁ ଶମନ କରିଦେବି। ଏତେ କହି କ୍ରୋଧାବେଶରେ କୁରୁପୁତ୍ର ଗାଣ୍ଡୀବ ଧରିଲେ; କିନ୍ତୁ ଶତ୍ରୁମୁଖେ ଦଢ଼ି ଥିବାବେଳେ ଜ୍ୟେଷ୍ଠ ଭ୍ରାତା ଧର୍ମରାଜଙ୍କ ଉପଦେଶ ସ୍ମରଣ ହେଲା—ବିଜୟକାମୀ କ୍ଷତ୍ରିୟ ରଣେ ବଶୀଭୂତଙ୍କୁ ବଧ କରିବା ଉଚିତ୍ ନୁହେଁ, ତଥାପି ତାଙ୍କୁ ପରାଜିତ କରିବା ଆବଶ୍ୟକ। ଏହା ମନେ ପକାଇ ପୁରୁଷଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ଅର୍ଜୁନ ଧର୍ମ ଓ ବିଜୟ—ଦୁହିଁକୁ ରକ୍ଷା କରିବା ଉପାୟ ଚିନ୍ତା କଲେ।

Word by Word

• तिष्ठत: stand (you all)!
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (तिष्ठ)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), 2, plural, परस्मैपद

• ध्वम्: you (pl.)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: युष्मद् (enclitic pronoun)
• Form: enclitic 2nd person plural marker used with imperative

• युद्धमनसः: having minds set on battle; battle-minded
• युद्धमनसः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युद्धमनस्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• दर्पम्: pride, arrogance
• दर्पम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्प
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• शमयिता: one who will subdue/quieten
• शमयिता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शमयितृ (from धातु: शम्/शमय्)
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• अस्मि: I am
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: लट् (present), 1, singular, परस्मैपद

• वः: of you; your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: genitive, plural, 2

• एतावत्: this much
• एतावत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतावत्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• उक्त्वा: having said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: क्त्वा-न्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद

• कौरव्यः: the Kaurava (scion of Kuru line)
• कौरव्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव्य
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• रोषात्: from/through anger; in anger
• रोषात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोष
• Form: masculine, ablative, singular

• गाण्डीवभूत्: became (took up) the Gāṇḍīva
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: लुङ् (aorist), 3, singular, परस्मैपद, augment a- dropped in sandhi/metrical usage; understood as अभूत्

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Arjuna
• Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• Kaurava/Kuru lineage (as descriptor)
• Gāṇḍīva (bow)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in war, victory must be pursued within dharma: arrogance is to be checked, and a kṣatriya should avoid killing those already subdued while still accomplishing rightful defeat.

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna challenges his opponents to stand ready for battle and vows to humble their pride, taking up the Gāṇḍīva in anger; immediately, he recalls Yudhiṣṭhira’s ethical instruction about restraint toward defeated foes and begins to deliberate how to act accordingly.