Shloka 47

Adhyāya 42 — Mahābhūta–Indriya–Adhyātma-Vyavasthā

Brahmā’s Instruction on Elements and Faculties

Devanagari script

कामानात्मनि संयम्य क्षीणतृष्ण: समाहित: । सर्वभूतसुहनम्मित्रो ब्रह्म भूयाय कल्पते

Transliteration

kāmān ātmani saṁyamya kṣīṇatṛṣṇaḥ samāhitaḥ | sarvabhūtasuhṛn mitro brahma bhūyāya kalpate ||

Translation

ବାୟୁ କହିଲେ—ଯେ ନିଜ କାମନାକୁ ଆତ୍ମାରେ ହିଁ ସଂହରି ସଂୟମ କରେ, ଯାହାର ତୃଷ୍ଣା କ୍ଷୀଣ ହୋଇଯାଇଛି, ଯେ ସମାହିତଚିତ୍ତ, ଏବଂ ଯେ ସମସ୍ତ ପ୍ରାଣୀଙ୍କର ସୁହୃଦ୍ ଓ ମିତ୍ର—ସେ ବ୍ରହ୍ମଭାବ ପାଇଁ ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ହୁଏ।

Word by Word

• कामान्: desires
• कामान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• आत्मनि: in the self
• आत्मनि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• संयम्य: having restrained/controlled
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-यम्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• क्षीणतृष्णः: one whose craving is exhausted (free from thirst/desire)
• क्षीणतृष्णः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षीणतृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समाहितः: collected, concentrated
• समाहितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समाहित
• Form: क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वभूतसुहृन्मित्रः: a well-wisher and friend of all beings
• सर्वभूतसुहृन्मित्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वभूतसुहृन्मित्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ब्रह्म: Brahman
• ब्रह्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• भूयाय: may become
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कल्पते: is fit/qualified
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॢप्
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• Brahman
• all beings (sarvabhūta)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Mastery over desire (kāma) through inner restraint, freedom from craving (tṛṣṇā-kṣaya), mental collectedness (samādhāna), and universal friendliness (sarvabhūta-sauhṛda) together qualify a person for Brahman-realization.

What is happening in the narrative?

In this passage Vāyudeva delivers a didactic instruction: he defines the ethical and yogic qualities of a seeker—self-restraint, dispassion, concentration, and goodwill toward all beings—as the marks of one fit to attain the supreme state (Brahman).