Shloka 48

Mokṣa-dharma Yoga-Upadeśa: Equanimity, Sense-Restraint, and Vision of the Ātman (आत्मदर्शन-योगोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

न त्वसौ चक्षुषा ग्राह्मो न च सर्वैरपीन्द्रियै: । मनसैव प्रदीपेन महानात्मा प्रदृश्यते

Transliteration

na tv asau cakṣuṣā grāhyo na ca sarvair apīndriyaiḥ | manasaiva pradīpena mahān ātmā pradṛśyate ||

Translation

କିନ୍ତୁ ସେହି ପରମାତ୍ମା ଚକ୍ଷୁଦ୍ୱାରା ଗ୍ରାହ୍ୟ ନୁହେଁ, ନା ସମସ୍ତ ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରିୟମାନଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ମଧ୍ୟ; କେବଳ ଦୀପକ ସଦୃଶ ପ୍ରକାଶିତ ମନ (ବୁଦ୍ଧି) ଦ୍ୱାରା ହିଁ ସେହି ମହାନ୍ ଆତ୍ମା ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ହୁଏ।

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• असौ: that (one), he/that Supreme
• असौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• चक्षुषा: by the eye
• चक्षुषा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्षुस्
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• ग्राह्यः: graspable/perceivable
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्रह्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सर्वैः: by all
• सर्वैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: neuter, instrumental, plural

• अपि: even/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• इन्द्रियैः: by the senses
• इन्द्रियैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्रिय
• Form: neuter, instrumental, plural

• मनसा: by the mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• एव: only/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• प्रदीपेन: by the lamp/light
• प्रदीपेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदीप
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• महान्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• आत्मा: Self/soul
• आत्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• प्रदृश्यते: is seen/appears
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: present, third, singular, passive (ātmanepada-form)

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• महानात्मा (Great Self / Supreme Self)
• मनस् (mind)
• इन्द्रिय (senses)
• चक्षुस् (eye)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The Supreme Self is not an object of sensory perception; it is realized through inward illumination—mind refined into a clear, discerning ‘lamp’—suggesting disciplined ethics, restraint, and contemplative insight as the means to true vision.

What is happening in the narrative?

A brāhmaṇa speaker instructs the listener that ultimate reality cannot be grasped externally through the senses; the discourse turns toward inner realization, using the lamp metaphor to emphasize contemplative knowledge over sensory evidence.