Shloka 36

Dehānta (Cyavana) and Upapatti: Kāśyapa’s Questions and the Siddha’s Account of Death, Pain, and Karmic Re-embodiment

Devanagari script

इहैवाशुभकर्माण: कर्मभिर्निरयं गता: । अवाग्गतिरियं कष्टा यत्र पच्यन्ति मानवा: । तस्मात्‌ सुदुर्लभो मोक्षो रक्ष्यक्षात्मा ततो भूशम्‌

Transliteration

ihaivāśubhakarmāṇaḥ karmabhir nirayaṃ gatāḥ | avāggatir iyaṃ kaṣṭā yatra pacyanti mānavāḥ | tasmāt sudurlabho mokṣo rakṣyātmā tato bhūśam ||

Translation

ଏହି ଲୋକରେ ହିଁ ଯେମାନେ ଅଶୁଭ କର୍ମ କରନ୍ତି, ସେମାନେ ନିଜ କର୍ମବଳରେ ନରକକୁ ପତିତ ହୁଅନ୍ତି। ଏହା ଜୀବର ଅଧୋଗତି—ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ କଠୋର ଓ ଦୁଃଖଦ—ଯେଉଁଠାରେ ମନୁଷ୍ୟମାନେ ଯାତନାର ଅଗ୍ନିରେ ‘ପକାଯାନ୍ତି’। ତେଣୁ ସେଠାରୁ ମୁକ୍ତି ପାଇ ମୋକ୍ଷ ଲାଭ ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଦୁର୍ଲଭ; ଏହେତୁ ପାପକର୍ମରୁ ନିବୃତ୍ତ ହୋଇ, ବହୁତ ସାବଧାନତାରେ ନିଜକୁ ସେହି ଦୁର୍ଗତିରୁ ରକ୍ଷା କରିବା ଉଚିତ।

Word by Word

• इह: here (in this world)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अशुभकर्माणः: those whose deeds are evil (evil-doers)
• अशुभकर्माणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अशुभकर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कर्मभिः: by (their) actions
• कर्मभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• निरयम्: hell
• निरयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निरय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गताः: gone/entered
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अवाक्गतिः: downward course/decline
• अवाक्गतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवाक्गति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• इयम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• कष्टा: painful/afflicting
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कष्ट
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र

• पच्यन्ति: are cooked/are tormented
• Type: Verb
• Root: पच्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada (passive-like sense here)

• मानवाः: humans/men
• मानवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• सुदुर्लभः: very difficult to obtain
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुदुर्लभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मोक्षः: liberation/release
• मोक्षः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रक्ष्येत्: should protect
• Type: Verb
• Root: रक्ष्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• आत्मा: oneself/the self
• आत्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ततः: from that/thereafter
• ततः: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• भूशम्: greatly/exceedingly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूशम्

Speaker

सिद्ध उवाच

Characters & Entities

• siddha (speaker)
• niraya (hell)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Evil actions lead to a painful downward destiny (hell) according to one’s own karma; since escape (moksha) from such a condition is extremely hard, one should vigilantly guard oneself by avoiding sinful conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Siddha delivers a didactic warning: he describes the karmic consequence of aśubha-karman—falling into niraya where beings suffer intense torment—and urges disciplined self-protection through ethical restraint.