Shloka 133

Devanagari script

कुम्भकर्णस्तुसङ्कृद्धस्समारूढःप्लवङ्गमैः ।।।।व्यधूनयत्तान्वेगेनदुष्टहस्तीवहस्तिपान् ।

Transliteration

kumbhakarṇas tu saṅkruddhaḥ samārūḍhaḥ plavaṅgamaiḥ | vyadhūnayat tān vegena duṣṭahastīva hastipān ||

Translation

သို့ရာတွင် ကုမ္ဘကရဏ်သည် ဝါနရတို့ တက်စီးလာသဖြင့် ဒေါသထွက်ကာ အင်အားကြီးစွာဖြင့် သူတို့ကို လှုပ်ခါပစ်ချလိုက်သည်၊ မကောင်းသော ဆင်က စီးသူကို ပစ်ချသကဲ့သို့။

Word by Word

• kumbhakarṇaḥ: Kumbhakarna
• kumbhakarṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• tu: but/then
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (contrast/continuation particle)

• saṅkṛddhaḥ: enraged
• saṅkṛddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saṅkṛddha (प्रातिपदिक; sam + √krudh + kta)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• samārūḍhaḥ: mounted/climbed upon
• samārūḍhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ā + √ruh (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP: mounted/ascended); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• plavaṅgamaiḥ: by the monkeys
• plavaṅgamaiḥ: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचनम्

• vyadhūnayat: shook off
• vyadhūnayat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi + ā + √dhū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• tān: them
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• vegena: with speed/force
• vegena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• duṣṭa-hastī: a vicious elephant
• duṣṭa-hastī: Upamana (उपमान/standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + hastin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समासः (duṣṭaḥ hastī); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• iva: like
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/comparison)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-वाचक-अव्यय (comparative particle)

• hastipān: elephant-riders/mahouts
• hastipān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hastipa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

Context

Enraged Kumbhakarna shook off the monkeys climbed on his body like a harsh elephant shakes off its rider.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarna
• Vanaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Unchecked anger magnifies harm; the epic contrasts disciplined, purposeful force with rage-driven violence that endangers many.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarna resists the Vanaras’ attempt to restrain him and violently throws them off.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

For the protagonists, perseverance is implied—continuing the righteous effort despite setbacks.