Shloka 20

सागरप्रतीक्षा-क्रोधप्रादुर्भावः

Rama’s Vigil at the Ocean and the Rise of Wrath

Devanagari script

क्षमयाहिसमायुक्तंमामयंमकरालयः ।असमर्थंविजानातिधिक् क्षमामीदृशेजने ।।6.21.20।।

Transliteration

kṣamayā hi samāyuktaṃ mām ayaṃ makarālayaḥ |

asamarthaṃ vijānāti dhik kṣamām īdṛśe jane ||6.21.20||

Translation

ငါသည် သည်းခံနေခဲ့သဖြင့် မကရာတို့၏ နေရပ်ဖြစ်သော သမုဒ္ဒရာက ငါကို အင်အားမရှိသူဟု ထင်မြင်၏။ ထိုသို့သောသူက အားနည်းမှုဟု မှားယွင်းယူဆလျှင် ဤသည်းခံခြင်းသည် အရှက်တရားပင်!

Word by Word

• क्षमया: by forbearance
• क्षमया: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: निपात (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/अवधारण (indeed/for)

• समायुक्तम्: endowed/associated (with)
• समायुक्तम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + युज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (माम्)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: कर्तृविशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• मकरालयः: the ocean (abode of crocodiles)
• मकरालयः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: मकर (प्रातिपदिक) + आलय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मकराणाम् आलयः/abode of crocodiles), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• असमर्थम्: incapable
• असमर्थम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असमर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (माम्)

• विजानाति: considers/knows
• विजानाति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• धिक्: shame/fie
• धिक्: भावप्रकाश (Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धिक् (अव्यय)
• Form: निन्दा-निपात (interjection of censure)

• क्षमाम्: forbearance
• क्षमाम्: कर्म (object of implied निन्दा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ईदृशे: in such
• ईदृशे: अधिकरण-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• जने: a person
• जने: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

"By my being tolerant, this ocean treats me to be incapable. Endowed with such qualities of forbearance, I will show the people (ocean)."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sāgara (Ocean)
• Makara (sea-creature)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Kṣamā (forbearance) is a virtue, but Dharma also requires discernment: patience must not enable adharma or obstruct a righteous mission.

What is the narrative situation?

After waiting for the Ocean to grant passage, Rāma interprets the Ocean’s silence as disregard and prepares to compel a response.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral clarity with firmness—Rāma’s readiness to shift from patience to decisive action when duty demands.