Shloka 16

सागरप्रतीक्षा-क्रोधप्रादुर्भावः

Rama’s Vigil at the Ocean and the Rise of Wrath

Devanagari script

नसाम्नाशक्यतेकीर्तिर्नसाम्नाशक्यतेयशः ।प्राप्तुंलक्ष्मण लोकेऽस्मिन् ञ्जयोवारणमूर्धनि ।।6.21.16।।

Transliteration

na sāmnā śakyate kīrtir na sāmnā śakyate yaśaḥ | prāptuṃ lakṣmaṇa loke 'smin jayo vā raṇamūrdhani ||6.21.16||

Translation

“လက္ခမဏာ၊ ဤလောက၌ သဘောပျော့ညံ့၍ ညှိနှိုင်းခြင်းတစ်ခုတည်းဖြင့် ကီရ్తိလည်း မရ၊ ယသလည်း မရ။ စစ်မြေ၏ရှေ့တန်း၌ အောင်ပွဲကိုလည်း ထိုအရာတစ်ခုတည်းဖြင့် မရနိုင်။”

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• साम्ना: by conciliation/peaceful means
• साम्ना: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; उपाय-वाचक

• शक्यते: is possible
• शक्यते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

• कीर्तिः: renown
• कीर्तिः: कर्ता (of passive; logical object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कीर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• साम्ना: by conciliation
• साम्ना: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शक्यते: is possible
• शक्यते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

• यशः: fame
• यशः: कर्ता (of passive; logical object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्राप्तुम्: to obtain
• प्राप्तुम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्राप् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), क्रियार्थ (purpose)

• लक्ष्मण: O Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मण: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: अधिकरण-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• जयः: victory
• जयः: कर्ता (alternative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वा: or
• वा: विकल्प
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• रणमूर्धनि: on the battlefield/front of battle
• रणमूर्धनि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण (प्रातिपदिक) + मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (रणस्य मूर्धनि/on the head/front of battle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (मूर्धन् पुं), सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

"O! Lakshmana! Neither fame nor popularity can win a battle front in this world."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• raṇa (battle)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rājadharma requires appropriate means: conciliation has its place, but when dharma is obstructed, firmness and effective action may be necessary.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma is justifying a shift from patient petitioning to decisive measures after the ocean’s continued silence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Strategic discernment—choosing the right method (upāya) for a righteous objective.