Shloka 40

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

Devanagari script

धर्म पूर्वे धनं मध्ये जघन्ये काममाचरेत्‌ । अहन्यनुचरेदेवमेष शास्त्रकृतो विधि:

Transliteration

dharmaṁ pūrve dhanaṁ madhye jaghanye kāmam ācaret | ahany anucared evam eṣa śāstrakṛto vidhiḥ ||

Translation

ဝိုင်ရှမ္ပါယန မိန့်တော်မူသည်– «ဓမ္မကို အရင်ဆုံး ကျင့်သုံးရမည်၊ အလယ်ကာလတွင် ဥစ္စာ (အರ್ಥ) ကို ရှာဖွေရမည်၊ နောက်ဆုံးကာလတွင် ကာမ (အလိုဆန္ဒ) ကို စောင့်ရှောက်ရမည်။ နေ့စဉ်နေ့တိုင်း ဤသို့ပင် ကိုယ်ကျင့်တရားကို လိုက်နာရမည်—ဤသည်မှာ သာස්တရများက ချမှတ်ထားသော စည်းကမ်းဖြစ်သည်»။

Word by Word

धर्मम्dharma, righteousness

पूर्वेin the first (stage/period)

धनम्wealth

मध्येin the middle (stage/period)

जघन्येin the last (stage/period)

कामम्desire, pleasure

आचरेत्should practice/undertake

अहनिin the day; by day

अनुचरेत्should follow; should act accordingly

एवम्thus, in this manner

एषःthis

शास्त्रकृतःmade/ordained by scripture

विधिःrule, injunction, procedure

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

śāstra

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches a hierarchy of aims: prioritize dharma, then pursue wealth (artha) in its proper place, and seek pleasure (kāma) last—so that desire remains governed by righteousness and supported by lawful means.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, states a general śāstric principle about proper conduct and the ordered pursuit of human goals, presenting it as an authoritative rule to be followed in daily life.