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Shloka 33

आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः

Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation

मैत्रा: क्रूराणि कुर्वन्तो जयन्ति स्वर्गमुत्तमम्‌ । धर्म्या: पापानि कुर्वाणा गच्छन्ति परमां गतिम्‌

maitrāḥ krūrāṇi kurvanto jayanti svargam uttamam | dharmyāḥ pāpāni kurvāṇā gacchanti paramāṃ gatim ||

ဘီရှ္မက မိန့်တော်မူသည်– သတ္တဝါအားလုံးအပေါ် မေတ္တာထားသူတို့သည်၊ အခြားသူတို့ကို ကာကွယ်ရန်အတွက် လူဆိုးတစ်ဦးအပေါ် တင်းကြပ်ကြမ်းတမ်းစွာ ပြုမူရမည်ဖြစ်သော်လည်း၊ အမြင့်ဆုံးသော ကောင်းကင်ဘုံကို ရရှိကြသည်။ ထို့အတူ တရားဓမ္မရှိသူတို့သည်လည်း၊ အခြားသူတို့ကို ကာကွယ်ရန်အတွက် ဟင်းဆာကဲ့သို့ အပြစ်တရားဟန်တူသော လုပ်ရပ်များကို ပြုလုပ်ရသော်လည်း၊ အမြင့်မြတ်ဆုံးသော ပန်းတိုင်သို့ ရောက်ကြသည်။

मैत्राःfriendly (persons)
मैत्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमैत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्रूराणिcruel (acts)
क्रूराणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कुर्वन्तःdoing, performing
कुर्वन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Parasmaipada (active participle)
जयन्तिwin, attain
जयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु)
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्highest, excellent
उत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्म्याःrighteous (persons)
धर्म्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पापानिsins, wrongful acts
पापानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कुर्वाणाःdoing, committing
कुर्वाणाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formशानच् (वर्तमान कृदन्त, आत्मनेपदीय-प्रयोग), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Atmanepada (middle participle)
गच्छन्तिgo, attain
गच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
परमाम्supreme
परमाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्goal, final state
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Moral evaluation depends on intention and purpose: a person grounded in friendliness and righteousness may employ harsh or even seemingly sinful means when the aim is protection of others; such protective action, not motivated by hatred or selfishness, can still lead to the highest good.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma after the war. Here he explains a nuanced principle for rulers and righteous people: maintaining benevolence toward all, one may still punish or use force against the wicked to defend the vulnerable, without losing spiritual merit.