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Shloka 80

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

ततस्तां भगवान्‌ नीति पूर्व जग्राह शड्कर: । बहुरूपो विशालाक्ष: शिव: स्थाणुरुमापति:

tatas tāṃ bhagavān nīti-pūrvaṃ jagrāha śaṅkaraḥ | bahurūpo viśālākṣaḥ śivaḥ sthāṇur umāpatiḥ ||

ထို့နောက် နတ်တို့အနက် အမြင့်မြတ်ဆုံးဖြစ်သော သင်္ကရ (Śaṅkara) သည် နီတိနှင့် အကျင့်မှန်၏ ဤသင်ကြားချက်ကို အရင်ဆုံး လက်ခံကျင့်သုံး하였다။ သူသည် အမည်များစွာဖြင့် ကျော်ကြားသည်—ပုံသဏ္ဌာန်အမျိုးမျိုးရှိသူ၊ မျက်လုံးကျယ်သူ၊ မင်္ဂလာရှိသော ရှိဝ (Śiva)၊ တည်ကြည်ခိုင်မာသော သ္ထာဏု (Sthāṇu)၊ နှင့် ဥမာ၏ အရှင် ဥမာပတိ (Umāpati) ဟူ၍—ဤကျင့်ဝတ်နှင့် နိုင်ငံရေးသဘောတရား၏ နတ်ဘုရားဆိုင်ရာ အာဏာကို ပြသသည်။

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya
ताम्that (her/it) [i.e., that policy/teaching]
ताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नीतिम्policy; right conduct
नीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनीति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पूर्वम्first; earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
FormAvyaya
जग्राहtook; accepted; received
जग्राह:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
शङ्करःŚaṅkara (Śiva)
शङ्करः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहुरूपःmany-formed
बहुरूपः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुरूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विशालाक्षःlarge-eyed
विशालाक्षः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविशालाक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिवःŚiva; auspicious one
शिवः:
TypeNoun
Rootशिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थाणुःSthāṇu (the immovable one)
स्थाणुः:
TypeNoun
Rootस्थाणु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उमापतिःUmā's lord (Śiva)
उमापतिः:
TypeNoun
Rootउमापति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śaṅkara (Śiva)
U
Umā (Pārvatī)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the authority and sanctity of nīti—ethical governance and right conduct—by stating that even Śiva first accepted this doctrine, implying it is foundational, time-tested, and worthy of adherence by rulers and seekers of dharma.

Bhīṣma, while instructing on dharma and governance in the Śānti Parva, traces the transmission of a nīti-teaching and notes that Śaṅkara (Śiva), known by many epithets, was the first to receive it—establishing a divine pedigree for the instruction being conveyed.