Shloka 125
Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)
तेन धर्मोत्तरश्चायं कृतो लोको महात्मना । रंजिताश्च प्रजा: सर्वास्तेन राजेति शब्द्यते
tena dharmottaraś cāyaṃ kṛto loko mahātmanā | rañjitāś ca prajāḥ sarvās tena rājeti śabdyate ||
ထိုမဟာသတ္တိရှိသူကြောင့် ဤလောကသည် ဓမ္မကို အမြင့်ဆုံးအဖြစ် ထားရှိလာခဲ့သည်။ ထို့ပြင် သူသည် ပြည်သူအားလုံး၏ စိတ်ကို ပျော်ရွှင်စေ၍ ချစ်ခင်ယုံကြည်စေခဲ့သဖြင့် ထိုကြောင့်ပင် “ရာဇာ” (မင်း) ဟု ခေါ်ကြသည်။
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A true king is defined by two ethical achievements: establishing Dharma as the highest priority in society and actively securing the welfare and contentment of all subjects; the title “rājā” is justified by the ruler’s ability to ‘please/benefit’ (rañjayati) the people.
Bhīṣma, instructing on rāja-dharma in the Śānti Parva, characterizes the ideal ruler: a great-souled king who makes Dharma predominant in the realm and keeps the populace satisfied, hence earning the designation ‘king’.