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Shloka 1

/ ऑपन-माज बछ। डे त्रिषष्ट्याधिकत्रिशततमो< ध्याय: उज्छ एवं शिलवृत्तिसे सिद्ध हुए पुरुषकी दिव्य गति सूर्य उवाच नैष देवोडनिलसखो नासुरो न च पन्नग: । उज्छवृत्तिव्रते सिद्धो मुनिरेष दिवं गत:

Sūrya uvāca—naiṣa devo ’nilasakho nāsuro na ca pannagaḥ | ucchiṣṭavṛttivrate siddho munir eṣa divaṃ gataḥ ||

နေမင်းက မိန့်တော်မူ၏။ “ဤသူသည် နတ်မဟုတ်၊ လေ၏မိတ်ဆွေ (အဂ္နိ) မဟုတ်၊ အသူရမဟုတ်၊ နဂါးမျိုးလည်း မဟုတ်။ ဤသူသည် ဥစ္ဆိဋ္ဌ-ဝෘတ္တိ (ကျန်ရစ်သည့်အရာများကို စုဆောင်း၍ အသက်မွေးခြင်း) ဟူသော ဝရတကို လိုက်နာကာ ပြည့်စုံသဖြင့် သီလသမာဓိ၌ အောင်မြင်သော မုနိတစ်ပါးဖြစ်ပြီး ယခုကောင်းကင်ဘုံသို့ ရောက်လာသူဖြစ်၏။”

सूर्यःthe Sun (god)
सूर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवःa god
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनिल-सखःfriend of the Wind (i.e., fire)
अनिल-सखः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनिलसख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असुरःan asura/demon
असुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पन्नगःa serpent (nāga)
पन्नगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपन्नग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्छ-वृत्ति-व्रतेin the vow of living by gleanings (uñcha-vṛtti)
उच्छ-वृत्ति-व्रते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउच्छवृत्तिव्रत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सिद्धःaccomplished/perfected
सिद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसिद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दिवम्to heaven
दिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतःgone/has gone
गतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

सूर्य उवाच

S
Sūrya (Sun-god)
A
Anila/Vāyu (Wind)
D
Deva
A
Asura
P
Pannaga/Nāga
M
Muni (sage)
D
Diva (heaven)

Educational Q&A

Spiritual attainment and a higher destiny are achieved through disciplined ethical living—here, the austere vow of ucchiṣṭa-vṛtti—rather than through birth as a god, asura, or nāga. The verse elevates restraint and right livelihood as a path to divine attainment.

Surya identifies a being who has reached heaven. He clarifies that the figure is not a deity (nor Agni as ‘friend of Wind’), not an asura, and not a serpent-being; rather, he is a human sage who became perfected through the vow of sustaining himself on gleanings/leftovers and thus attained the heavenly realm.