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Shloka 44

Adhyāya 302: Guṇa-vicāra, Gati-bheda, and the Imperishable State

Yājñavalkya–Janaka

सहवास विनाशित्वान्नान्योडहमिति मन्यते । यो<5हं सो5हमिति हुक्त्वा गुणानेवानुवर्तते

sahavāsa-vināśitvān nānyo ’ham iti manyate | yo ’haṃ so ’ham iti uktvā guṇān evānuvartate ||

ဝသိဋ္ဌက ပြောသည်– ပရကృతိ (Prakṛti) နှင့် ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာတို့နှင့် အချိန်ကြာမြင့်စွာ ပေါင်းသင်းနေခြင်းကြောင့် မိမိ၏ အမှန်တကယ်သော သဘောသဘာဝကို မမြင်နိုင်တော့သဖြင့် လူသည် «ငါသည် ဤအရာနှင့် မကွာခြား» ဟု ထင်လာသည်။ «ငါသည် ဤသူ၊ ငါသည် ထိုသူ» ဟုဆိုကာ—တစ်ဦး၏ သားဖြစ်သည်၊ မျိုးရိုး/ဇာတ်အုပ်စုတစ်ခုတွင် ပါဝင်သည်ဟု ကိုယ်ကို သတ်မှတ်လျက်—စတ္တဝ (sattva) စသည့် ဂုဏ်သုံးပါး (guṇa) ၏ လှုပ်ရှားမှုကိုသာ လိုက်နာပြီး၊ အတ္တမန် (Ātman) သည် ထိုတို့နှင့် ကွဲပြားကြောင်း မသိနိုင်တော့သည်။

सहवासassociation, cohabitation
सहवास:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहवास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनाशित्वात्from (its) perishable nature
विनाशित्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootविनाशित्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यःother, different
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मन्यतेthinks, considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat (he)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (उक्त्वा)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
गुणान्qualities (gunas)
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अनुवर्ततेfollows, conforms to
अनुवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-वृत् (अनुवर्तते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
G
guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas)
P
Prakṛti (implied by guṇas and association with the body)

Educational Q&A

Misidentification with the body and social labels arises from long association with Prakṛti; as a result, one is driven by the guṇas. The remedy implied is discernment: knowing the Self as distinct from guṇas, body, and acquired identities.

In Vasiṣṭha’s instruction, he explains how a person loses awareness of their true nature and begins to speak in terms of worldly identity (“I am this, I am that”), thereby living under the influence of sattva, rajas, and tamas.