Shloka 11

Devanagari script

ततः पश्यन्त्यसम्बुद्धया वातपित्तकफोत्तरान्‌ | रजस्तमोगतैभविस्तदप्याहुर्दुरत्ययम्‌

Transliteration

tataḥ paśyanty asambuddhayā vātapittakaphottarān | rajastamogatāir bhāvais tad apy āhur duratyayam ||

Translation

ဘိဿမက ပြောသည်။ ထို့နောက် အမှန်တကယ် နိုးကြားသိမြင်မှု မရှိသေးသော လူတို့သည် အိပ်မက်အတွင်း၌ လေဓာတ် (vāta)၊ သည်းဓာတ် (pitta) သို့မဟုတ် ချွဲဓာတ် (kapha) အလွန်အကျွံဖြစ်၍ ထင်ရှားသော ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာပုံစံ အမျိုးမျိုးကို မြင်ကြရသည်။ ထိုအိပ်မက်မြင်ကွင်းများသည် ကာမနှင့် မောဟတို့ကဲ့သို့ ရာဇသ (rajas) နှင့် တာမသ (tamas) မှ ပေါက်ဖွားသော စိတ်အခြေအနေများဖြင့် ပြည့်နှက်နေသည်။ တတ္တဝသိမြင်မှု မရှိလျှင် ဤအိပ်မက်မြင်ကွင်းကို ကျော်လွန်ခြင်းသည် အလွန်ခက်ခဲကြောင်း ပညာရှိတို့က ဆိုကြသည်။

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya

• पश्यन्ति: they see
• पश्यन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पश् (दृश्-अर्थे)
• Form: लट्, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्

• असम्बुद्धया: by non-understanding/ignorance
• असम्बुद्धया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: असम्बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्

• वात: wind (vāta-doṣa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (समासाङ्गम्)

• पित्त: bile (pitta-doṣa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पित्त (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (समासाङ्गम्)

• कफ: phlegm (kapha-doṣa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कफ (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (समासाङ्गम्)

• उत्तरान्: predominant/exceeding
• उत्तरान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्

• रजः: rajas (passion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस् (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (समासाङ्गम्)

• तमः: tamas (darkness/delusion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस् (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् (समासाङ्गम्)

• गतैः: pervaded/possessed (by)
• गतैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गत (√गम् क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया, बहुवचनम्

• भवैः: by states/conditions (becomings)
• भवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भव (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया, बहुवचनम्

• तत्: that (dream-vision/that state)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि
• Form: Avyaya

• आहुः: they say/declare
• आहुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अह् (ब्रू-अर्थे)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्सभूत/परिपूर्ण), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्

• दुरत्ययम्: hard to cross/overcome
• दुरत्ययम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुरत्यय (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Without tattva-jñāna (knowledge of reality), the mind remains unawakened and gets caught in dream-like perceptions shaped by bodily humors and the guṇas (rajas and tamas); transcending this delusive experience is therefore very difficult.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma continues his instruction in Shanti Parva, describing how ordinary people, through ignorance, experience dream-visions of many forms conditioned by physiological and psychological forces, and he stresses that only true insight enables one to go beyond such illusion.