Shloka 45
मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169
त॑ दृष्टवा पुरुषादाभमपध्वस्तं क्षयागतम् | अभिज्ञाय द्विजो व्रीडन्निदं वाक्यमथाब्रवीत्
taṁ dṛṣṭvā puruṣādābham apadhvastaṁ kṣayāgatam | abhijñāya dvijo vrīḍann idaṁ vākyam athābravīt |
ဘိဿမက ပြောသည်– «လူစားသကဲ့သို့ ထင်ရ၍ ပျက်စီးကျဆုံးကာ အဆုံးစွန်သော အနိမ့်အမြင့်သို့ ရောက်သွားသူကဲ့သို့ မြင်ရသော သူ့ကို မြင်လျှင် ဗြာဟ္မဏက မှတ်မိ하였다။ ရှက်ကြောက်လျက် ထိုဗြာဟ္မဏသည် ဤစကားကို ပြော하였다»။
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights ethical accountability: when a person—especially one expected to embody restraint and purity—appears degraded and violence-marked, society’s moral conscience is stirred. Recognition leads to shame and corrective speech, implying that dharma includes acknowledging fallenness and confronting it with principled admonition.
A brāhmaṇa sees someone arrive in a dreadful, fallen condition—so fearsome as to resemble a man-eater. He recognizes the person, feels ashamed (at the person’s state and its implications), and begins to speak, setting up a reprimand or moral instruction in the following lines.