Shloka 78

Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)

Devanagari script

ततस्तं विरथं दृष्टवा कृप: शारद्वत: प्रभो

Transliteration

tatastam virathaṃ dṛṣṭvā kṛpaḥ śāradvataḥ prabho

Translation

သဉ္ဇယက ပြောသည်— ထို့နောက် ရထားမဲ့သွားသော သူကို မြင်လျှင်၊ ရှာရဒ္ဝတ၏ သား ကೃပ (ကೃပာ) သည် (မင်းကြီးအား ရည်ညွှန်း၍) စစ်၏ ကြမ်းတမ်းသော လှည့်ကွက်များအောက်တွင် စစ်သူရဲတို့၏ အားနည်းချက်နှင့် စစ်ဓမ္မ၏ မလွတ်နိုင်သော တာဝန်တို့ ပေါ်လွင်လာသကဲ့သို့ အလေးအနက်ဖြင့် မိန့်ကြား하였다။

Word by Word

ततःthen, thereafter

तम्him/that (one)

विरथम्without a chariot, chariotless

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen

कृपःKripa

शारद्वतःŚāradvata (son/descendant of Śaradvat)

प्रभोO lord!

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Kṛpa (Śāradvata)

prabhu (the addressed lord/king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights the battlefield reality that status and advantage can reverse instantly; a warrior may become chariotless, yet the ethical demand of kṣatriya-duty persists. It also frames a response by a senior figure (Kṛpa), suggesting counsel or reaction shaped by responsibility rather than mere triumphalism.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates to the king that Kṛpa notices a key warrior has become viratha (without a chariot). This observation marks a turning point in the combat situation and sets up Kṛpa’s ensuing words or action in response to that vulnerability.