Shloka 28

अध्याय ९ — कर्णस्य प्रहारः, योधयुग्मनियोजनम्, शैनेय-कैकेययोर्युद्धविन्यासः

Devanagari script

अहं तु निहतामात्यो हतपुत्रश्न संजय

Transliteration

ahaṃ tu nihatāmātyo hataputraś cañjaya

Translation

ဓြတရာष္ဋြက ပြောသည်– «သို့သော် ငါကတော့—အမတ်များလည်း သတ်ဖြတ်ခံရ၊ သားများလည်း သေဆုံးကုန်ပြီ—အို စဉ္ဇယ…»

Word by Word

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• निहतामात्यः: one whose ministers/counsellors are slain
• निहतामात्यः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निहतामात्य
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हतपुत्रः: one whose son is slain
• हतपुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हतपुत्र
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अस्मि: am
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), उत्तम, एकवचन

• संजय: O Sañjaya
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Speaker

धृतराष्ट उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Sañjaya
• sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• ministers/counsellors (āmātyas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the inescapable moral consequence of choices in governance: when a ruler permits or enables adharma, the resulting violence returns as personal loss—ministers and sons alike—leaving only grief and accountability.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, hearing Sañjaya’s battlefield report, begins a lament: he recognizes that his key supporters (ministers) and his sons have been slain, and he addresses Sañjaya in anguish as the Kaurava cause collapses.