Shloka 41
संछिन्नभुजनागेन्द्रां बहुरत्नापहारिणीम् । ऊरुग्राहां मज्जपड्कां शीर्षोपलसमावृताम्
sañchinnabhujanāgendrāṁ bahuratnāpahāriṇīm | ūrugrāhāṁ majjapaṅkāṁ śīrṣopalasaṁāvṛtām ||
Sañjaya said: “It was like a river whose severed arms appeared as great serpents; it carried away many ‘jewels’ (valuable ornaments and weapons). Thighs lay within it like crocodiles, marrow served as its mire, and shattered heads covered it like stones. Thus the battlefield’s blood-river—terrible like the Vaitaraṇī—rose up, easy to cross for the steadfast and righteous, but hard to ford for the cowardly and undisciplined, intensifying the fear of the faint-hearted.”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse uses the Vaitaraṇī metaphor to frame war’s moral test: inner steadiness and righteousness make even terrifying passages ‘crossable,’ while cowardice and lack of self-mastery make the same ordeal overwhelming. It highlights how character (dharma, courage, discipline) shapes one’s experience of crisis.
Sañjaya vividly depicts the battlefield as a gruesome ‘river’ of blood and body-parts—arms like serpents, thighs like crocodiles, marrow as mud, heads as stones—conveying the scale of slaughter and the psychological terror it produces, especially for the fearful.