Shloka 28

Devanagari script

अप्रियो य: पुरुषो निष्ठुरो हि क्षुद्र: क्षेप्ता क्षमिणश्नाक्षमावान्‌

Transliteration

apriyo yaḥ puruṣo niṣṭhuro hi kṣudraḥ kṣeptā kṣamiṇo 'kṣamāvān

Translation

သဉ္ဇယက ပြောသည်– «မနှစ်သက်ဖွယ်ကောင်း၍ ကြမ်းတမ်းသန်မာ၊ သေးငယ်နိမ့်ကျပြီး အမြဲတမ်းစော်ကားစကားပစ်တတ်သူသည်—အပြင်ပန်းအားဖြင့် သည်းခံသကဲ့သို့ ထင်ရသော်လည်း—အမှန်တကယ်တော့ ခွင့်လွှတ်မတတ်သူပင် ဖြစ်၏»။

Word by Word

अप्रियःunpleasant, disagreeable

यःwho

पुरुषःman, person

निष्ठुरःharsh, cruel

हिindeed, for

क्षुद्रःmean, petty, base

क्षेप्ताreviler, one who throws abuse

क्षमिणःof the patient/forbearing person

नnot

क्षमावान्forbearing, patient

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Harshness, pettiness, and a habit of insulting others reveal an unforgiving nature; true forbearance is shown not by outward claims but by restrained speech and genuine patience.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is describing a type of person by listing moral traits—disagreeable, harsh, petty, insulting—contrasting the appearance of being ‘forbearing’ with the reality of being unforgiving, as part of a broader ethical characterization within the war narrative.