Shloka 39

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

Devanagari script

न द्रोणव्यसनं ककश्िज्जानीते तत्र भारत । दृष्टवा कर्ण महेष्वासं मुखे व्यूहस्य देशितम्‌

Transliteration

na droṇavyasanaṁ kaścid jānīte tatra bhārata | dṛṣṭvā karṇa-maheṣvāsaṁ mukhe vyūhasya deśitam ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O Bhārata, no one there truly grasped the calamity that had befallen Droṇa. For they saw the great archer Karṇa posted at the very front of the battle-formation—an arrangement that projected strength and confidence, masking the depth of the loss and keeping the army’s resolve from collapsing.

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• द्रोण-व्यसनम्: the calamity/disaster of Droṇa
• द्रोण-व्यसनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यसन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कश्चित्: anyone, someone
• कश्चित्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: कश्चित्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जानाति: knows
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: Present, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• भारत: O Bhārata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• कर्णम्: Karna
• कर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महा-इष्वासम्: the great archer
• महा-इष्वासम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्वास
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मुखे: at the front / in the forefront
• मुखे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• व्यूहस्य: of the battle-array
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यूह
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• देशितम्: placed/posted/assigned
• Type: Verb
• Root: दिश्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• Droṇa
• Karna
• vyūha (battle formation)