Shloka 48

Nakula–Śakuni Duel and the Night Battle; Śikhaṇḍin–Kṛpa Engagement (नकुल-शकुनियुद्धं तथा रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

क्षीणायुधे सात्वते युध्यमाने ततोअब्रवीदर्जुनं वासुदेव: । पश्यस्वैनं विरथं युध्यमानं रणे वरं सर्वधनुर्धराणाम्‌

Transliteration

kṣīṇāyudhe sātvate yudhyamāne tato 'bravīd arjunaṃ vāsudevaḥ | paśyainam virathaṃ yudhyamānaṃ raṇe varaṃ sarvadhanuṣdharāṇām ||

Translation

သဉ္ဇယက ပြောသည်—သာတ်ဝတသူရဲကောင်းသည် လက်နက်များ ကုန်ခမ်းသွားသော်လည်း တိုက်ခိုက်နေစဉ်၊ ဝါစုဒေဝက အာర్జုနအား ပြော၏—“ကြည့်လော့၊ ရထားမဲ့သော်လည်း တိုက်ခိုက်နေသည်ကို။ မြားပစ်သူအားလုံးအနက် စစ်မြေပြင်၌ အရှေ့ဆုံးသူပင် ဖြစ်သည်။” ဤခဏသည် စွဲမြဲသော သတ္တိနှင့် စစ်၏ ကြမ်းတမ်းသော တာဝန်အတွင်း၌ ရန်သူတစ်ဦး၏ ရဲရင့်မှုကိုပင် မြင်သိလက်ခံရမည့် ဓမ္မဆိုင်ရာ အလေးချိန်ကို ထင်ဟပ်စေသည်။

Word by Word

• क्षीणायुधे: when (he) whose weapons were exhausted
• क्षीणायुधे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षीणायुध
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सात्वते: in/with the Sātvata (Kṛṣṇa)
• सात्वते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्वत
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• युध्यमाने: while fighting
• युध्यमाने: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular

• ततः: then/from thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अर्जुनम्: to Arjuna
• अर्जुनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वासुदेवः: Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• वासुदेवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासुदेव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पश्यस्व: see!/behold!
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश्
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Ātmanepada

• एनम्: this one/him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विरथम्: without a chariot (dismounted)
• विरथम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• युध्यमानम्: fighting
• युध्यमानम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• वरम्: excellent, best
• वरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वधनुर्धराणाम्: of all bowmen
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वधनुर्धर
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna
• Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• battlefield (raṇa)
• chariot (ratha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid righteous warfare, one should recognize and acknowledge extraordinary courage and skill; ethical perception includes seeing merit clearly, not only hostility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that as the Sātvata hero fights with depleted means, Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva) draws Arjuna’s attention to a chariotless warrior still battling fiercely, calling him the foremost among archers.