Shloka 19

Adhyāya 70: Sātyaki’s Arrow-Display and the Bhūriśravas Engagement; Twilight Withdrawal

Devanagari script

तपसा नियतो देवं विधान सर्वदेहिनाम्‌

Transliteration

tapasā niyato devaṃ vidhānaṃ sarvadehinām | yo manuṣyaḥ tapasyāṃ tatparaḥ saṃyama-niyamayoḥ pālanaṃ kurvan amāvāsyāṃ ca pūrṇimāyāṃ ca samasta-dehadhāriṇām āśrayaṃ brahma-yoga-svarūpaṃ bhagavantaṃ keśavaṃ ārādhayati sa paramaṃ padaṃ prāpnoti |

Translation

ဘီရှ္မက ပြောသည်– တပဿာဖြင့် ကိုယ်ကို စည်းကမ်းတကျ ထိန်းသိမ်း၍၊ ပင်နန့်ကျင့်ခြင်း၌ အားထုတ်ကာ၊ ကိုယ်ထိန်းချုပ်မှုနှင့် သတ်မှတ်ထားသော ဝတ္တရားများကို လိုက်နာသူသည်—အမဝါသျာ (လကွယ်) နှင့် ပေါုဏ္ဏမီ (လပြည့်) နေ့များတွင်၊ ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာရှိသတ္တဝါအပေါင်းတို့၏ အခြေခံအထောက်အပံ့ဖြစ်၍ ဗြဟ္မန်နှင့် ယောဂ၏ သဘောတရားဖြစ်သော ဘုရား ကေရှဝကို ပူဇော်လျှင်—အမြင့်ဆုံးသော အခြေအနေသို့ ရောက်သည်။

Word by Word

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• नियतः: disciplined, restrained
• नियतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• देवम्: the god (Lord)
• देवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विधानम्: the ordinance/appointed rule
• विधानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधान
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वदेहिनाम्: of all embodied beings
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वदेहिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Keshava (Vishnu/Krishna)
• Amavasya (new moon)
• Purnima (full moon)
• Brahman
• Yoga

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Disciplined austerity joined with ethical self-restraint (saṃyama) and observances (niyama), expressed as regular worship of Keshava—understood as the support of all beings and as Brahman/Yoga—leads to the highest attainment (parama pada), i.e., liberation or the supreme spiritual goal.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma is instructing by describing a religious-ethical practice: a devoted person performs tapas and follows restraints and observances, worshipping Keshava on the sacred lunar days of new moon and full moon; Bhishma states the fruit of this practice as attainment of the supreme state.