Shloka 10

Adhyāya 70: Sātyaki’s Arrow-Display and the Bhūriśravas Engagement; Twilight Withdrawal

Devanagari script

ऋषींश्वैव हि गोविन्दस्तपश्चैवाभ्यकल्पयत्‌ । स््रष्टारं जगतश्नापि महात्मा प्रभुरव्यय:

Transliteration

ṛṣīṁś caiva hi govindas tapaś caivābhyakalpayat | sraṣṭāraṁ jagataś cāpi mahātmā prabhur avyayaḥ ||

Translation

ဘီရှ္မက ပြောသည်– «ဂోవိန္ဒ—မဟာစိတ်ဓာတ်ရှိသော၊ အာဏာပိုင်သော၊ မပျက်မယွင်းသော အရှင်—သည် ရှိတို့ကို စီမံပေါ်ထွန်းစေပြီး တပဿ (austerity) ၏ စည်းကမ်းကိုလည်း တည်ထောင်တော်မူ၏။ ထို့ပြင် လောကဖန်ဆင်းရှင် ပရဇာပတိကိုပါ ထိုအရှင်ကပင် ပေါ်ထွန်းစေတော်မူ၏»။

Word by Word

• ऋषीन्: sages
• ऋषीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• हि: for/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• गोविन्दः: Govinda (Krishna)
• गोविन्दः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोविन्द
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तपः: austerity/penance
• तपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अभ्यकल्पयत्: created/ordained/arranged
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-कल्पय् (√कॢप्/कल्प्)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• स्रष्टारम्: the creator
• स्रष्टारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्रष्टृ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जगतः: of the world
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• महात्मा: the great-souled one
• महात्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रभुः: the Lord/master
• प्रभुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अव्ययः: imperishable
• अव्ययः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव्यय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Govinda (Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)
• Ṛṣis (sages)
• Tapaḥ (austerity)
• Jagat (the world/universe)
• Prajāpati (creator/progenitor)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse grounds dharma in a divine source: Govinda institutes the ṛṣis (authoritative seers) and tapaḥ (austerity/self-discipline), and even the cosmic creator (Prajāpati) arises from Him. Ethically, it elevates self-restraint and the guidance of realized sages as pillars of right order, ultimately rooted in the imperishable Lord.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma is speaking and praising/affirming Govinda’s supreme status. He frames Govinda not only as a protector but as the originator of the institutions and beings that sustain the world—sages, austerity, and the progenitor-creator—thereby reinforcing divine sovereignty within the broader war-time discourse of Bhīṣma Parva.