Shloka 117

गृहस्थस्य सदाचारः: शौच, तर্পण, वैश्वदेव, अतिथिधर्म, भोजन-विधि, संध्योपासन, ऋतु-धर्मः

Devanagari script

चतुर्दश्य् अष्टमी चैव अमावास्याथ पूर्णिमा पर्वाण्य् एतानि राजेन्द्र रविसंक्रान्तिर् एव च

Transliteration

caturdaśy aṣṭamī caiva amāvāsyātha pūrṇimā parvāṇy etāni rājendra ravisaṃkrāntir eva ca

Translation

Wahai Raja yang mulia, hari keempat belas, kelapan, bulan baru, bulan purnama, dan transit matahari adalah waktu-waktu yang suci.

Word by Word

• चतुर्दशी: the fourteenth lunar day
• चतुर्दशी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्दशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• अष्टमी: the eighth lunar day
• अष्टमी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अष्टमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)

• अमावास्या: new-moon day
• अमावास्या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमावास्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• अथ: then/and then
• अथ: Sambandha (Sequencing/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (sequencing particle)

• पूर्णिमा: full-moon day
• पूर्णिमा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्णिमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• पर्वाणि: festival/observance days
• पर्वाणि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन

• एतानि: these
• एतानि: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• राजेन्द्र: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th case), एकवचन; राजन् + इन्द्र (षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष)

• रविसंक्रान्तिः: the sun’s transit (saṅkrānti)
• रविसंक्रान्तिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रवि (प्रातिपदिक) + संक्रान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; रवि-सम्बन्धिनी संक्रान्तिः (determinative)

• एव: also/indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

Characters & Entities

• Sun (Ravi)
• Kings (rājendra)

FAQs

What is the significance of parvan (sacred junction days) in the Vishnu Purana?

This verse defines key parvans—Aṣṭamī, Caturdaśī, Amāvāsyā, and Pūrṇimā—along with the Sun’s saṅkrānti, presenting them as spiritually charged thresholds where ritual action aligns human life with cosmic order.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the role of calendrical time in dharma?

Parāśara frames specific tithis and solar transits as dharmic markers: time is not neutral, but structured into auspicious junctions meant for disciplined observance and remembrance of the higher order sustained by Vishnu.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Though Vishnu is not named in the verse, the teaching assumes a Vaishnava cosmology where sacred time is an expression of divine governance—ritual observance on these days becomes a way to harmonize with the Supreme Reality that upholds the universe.